Département de langue et Culture Amazighes

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    Essai d’élaboration d’une terminologie administrative du secteur d’enseignement éducatif et universitaire
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) AZZI Lamia; OUKOULOU Dyhia
    Deg umahil –agi neɣ nexdem ɣef tsuqilt n umawal adeblan aɣurbiz asedawan , nsuqel igmamen i d – newwi seg ideblanen iɣurbizen isdawanen Seg ideblanen iɣurbizen . Deg usezwer nefka-d tikti s umata ɣef usentel – nneɣ , d tmuskrist , d acuten isebdaden iwakken ad d-sbedden tasniremt n wawalen n uselmed seg ugriw s tfransist d taɛrabt nessumer-d kraḍ n turdiwin iwaken ad d-nnar tiririt ɣef unadi yagi . Deg uḥric amezwaru (ahric théorique ) nxdem-d tabadut i kra n tmidrawin i yeɛnan asentel-nneɣ . Syin nehder-d ɣef umnaḍ amazray d tsenmettit , deg-s nuder-d amezruy n uselmed s tutlayt tmaziɣt deg ustal aɣurbiz akud tmhezt n tmaziɣt , d tutlayt tadeblant deg uɣerbaz . Deg uḥric wis sin (aḥric n tseddast) deg tazwara nexdem tasuqilt n ugriw id d njmaɛ, syin nekhdem tasleḍṭ tassedast .Di tagrayt n ukatay-agi nneɣ , nexdem-d agzul amatuy ɣef uḥric amezwaru d uḥric wis sin degs newweḍ-d ɣer tririyin ɣef ugur id nefka deg tazwara, nessaweḍ nkhdem tasuqilt yṣehan .
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    La transmission des savoir-faire chez les potières de Maâtkas.
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) TIRKMANI Malika; MORSLI Manel
    Le patrimoine représente l'héritage que l'on reçoit de nos ancêtres et que l'on transmet à notre tour à nos descendants. Il revêt ainsi une dimension collective. Il est crucial de le préserver contre les menaces extérieures ainsi que contre le grand danger qui est l'oubli. Chaque génération a abordé l'apprentissage de la poterie de manière différente en raison de divers facteurs. Pour certaines personnes, la poterie est une tradition ancestrale, un savoir-faire précieux transmis de mère en fille. Pour d'autres, elle est le fruit d'une passion, un amour pour l'art de transformer l'argile en objets à la fois utiles et esthétiques. Dans certains cas, la nécessité économique motive les femmes à apprendre la poterie pour subvenir aux besoins de leur famille. Parfois, la concurrence ou le désir de ne pas rester à l'écart par rapport aux autres femmes du village a également influencé cet apprentissage. Le savoir-faire est souvent hérité au sein des familles, renforçant les liens intergénérationnels et préservant des traditions précieuses. Cependant, il peut également naître de passions individuelles ou de besoins économiques, montrant ainsi une adaptabilité aux contextes changeants. La transmission du savoir-faire est également influencée par des dynamiques sociales, telles que la compétition ou le désir d'émulation, qui peuvent motiver ou transformer la manière dont ces compétences sont apprises et partagées. En somme, la pérennité des savoir-faire repose sur une volonté collective de préserver et d'adapter ces connaissances, tout en reconnaissant leur importance pour le patrimoine culturel et l'identité individuelle. C'est un processus vivant et dynamique qui reflète l'évolution des sociétés tout en honorant les racines et les traditions du passé.
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    RENOUVELLEMENT DE LA CUISINE DES MERES PAR LA JEUNESSE A L’ERE DE L’INTERNET
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) ZERMANI Sabrina; SADAT Lydia
    La jeunesse contemporaine influencé par l’ère numérique, se trouve à un croisement entre traditions culinaires et innovations. L’accès à l’information transforme non seulement les pratiques alimentaires, mais également les perceptions culturelles et identitaires liées à la cuisine. aujourd’hui les jeunes ont accès à une multitude de recettes et de techniques à l’aide des plateformes comme youtube ,instagram et tik tok , cela permet une appropriation des savoirs culturels variés , au delà des traditions familiales. Pour eux la cuisine devient un moyen d’expression personnelle et communautaire, ils partagent leurs créations sur les réseaux sociaux ; redéfinissant ainsi les normes de la cuisine familiale. La jeune génération adapte les recettes traditionnelle , intégrant des ingrédients modernes tout en préservant l’héritage culturel; l’essor des mouvement écologiques influence les choix alimentaires des jeunes , ils privilégient des pratiques durables comme la cuisine végétale , qui permet de réinventer des plats traditionnels.la cuisine devient un vecteur d’identité, ils utilisent la gastronomie pour revendiquer leur appartenance culturelle tout en naviguant entre tradition et modernité; aussi ils essayent de partager des savoirs culinaires pour renforcer les liens intergénérationnels; le domaine de la cuisine a des opportunités professionnelles,comme les influenceurs culinaires, ce la redéfinit les parcours professionnels liés à la gastronomie. La jeunesse à l’ère de l’internet joue un rôle important dans le renouvellement de la cuisine traditionnelle en intégrant des pratiques moderne en honorant les recettes des mères , elle crée une nouvelle dynamique culturelle. ce phénomène souligne la capacité des jeunes a adapter et à réinventer les traditions culinaires tout en forgeant leur identité dans le monde interconnectée.
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    L’analyse morphologique et sémantique des noms de famille de la région de Makouda
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) AMMOUCHE Chafia
    Win yebɣan tamaziɣt ad yisin tira –s, tamaziɣt si zik ur tettwaru ara wa ihedder - itt i wayeḍ s yimi ar yimi, maca s waṭas n leqdic n yimusnawen tuɣal tmaziɣt yettaru –tt umdan di lkaɣeḍ, i wakken att –id yaff lqqum n tura, wa yettaǧǧatt –id i wyeḍ, wa yeselmad –itt i wayeḍ. Tameslayt ur tettwaḥraz ara akken i watta, mi ara tili di timawit kan, ladɣa ayen yellan deg umawal n tutlayt. Akken i –as yenna umedyaz Lewnis AYT MENGUELLAT « Zik wa ihdedder –itt i wayeḍ, ass –a di lkaɣeḍ, ad –tt id affen yingura. Isemawen n twacult cudden s waṭṭas ɣer wayen yeɛnan tudert n tmetti n umdan, ulac amdan ur nesɛi isem n twacult; d ayen i yeǧǧan isemawen agi n twacult ttwaḥssaben amzun akken d iẓuran d wayen yettwaqnen neɣ ayen uk yesɛan assaɣ ɣer later n lejdud neɣ. Amahil neɣ, d leqdic i yerzan tasnisemt, d ayen yesɛan assaɣ d tussna n yisem amazlay; tebdḍa ɣef sin yimuren: isem n umdan negh ayen i wumi neqqar (tasmiddent) d yisem n wadeg ayen iwummi nessawal (tasmedga). Ihi deg leqdic agi nneɣ newwi – d awal ɣef tesmiddent, i yellan deg temnaḍṭ n Makkuda. Nebḍa –t s tazwart tamatut deg, s nemslay-d ɣef uḥric –agi nefka-d tabadut –is s umata, newwi d awaln ɣef temnaḍṭ agi n Makkuda annida id nemgger ammud –nneɣ, akked imselɣyen uɣur it –id –newwi, Deg umahil –neɣ nebbid azal n 50 n yismawen n yimdanen i yellan di temnaḍṭ agi, syina akkin ne3edda ɣer tmukrist anida id nefka deg –s kraḍ n yisteqsiyen ig cudden ɣer tulmisin talɣiwiyin, tiseddasanin d tesnamkanin n yismawen deg leqdic agi diɣent newwid awal ɣef yismawen n yimdanen i yettwaqnen ɣer tutlayin tiberaniyin am ta3rabt d tefransist. Ixef amzwaru i wumi nessawal tazrawt talɣasdast, neɛred ad d neffek tabadut ins, neww id awal daɣen ɣef kra n tbadutin n wawalen uddisen, awalen iḥerfiyen, addad illeli d waddad amaruz, d yimerḍilen, mebla ma nettu tulmissin n yisem, tawsit d umḍan. Ixef wis sin, d ixef i wummi nessawal tazrawt tasnamkant, anida id neffka tasleḍ i yismawen iccuden ɣer unamek s lemɛiwna n yimslɣuyen –nneɣ akked ayen id nuffa deg yimawalen i nesexddem amawal n DALLET J .M (Dictionnaire kabyle-francais) akked umawal n HADDADOU M.A (Dictionnaire des raciness berbères communes), akked umawal n TIDJET .M (Dictionnaire des patronymes algerien) s sin yixfawen is at yemmel ama d wis sin n wat waɣlis. Di taggara, nessaweḍ nerra-d ɣef yisteqsiyen i d nefka di tmukrist, nufad belli aṭṭas n yismawen id yusan seg tutlayt tabaranit, ggant –d iman –nsent di tutlayt n tmaziɣt. nessaram ammud agi neɣ ad yili d amedya i waken ad illin yimahilen niḍen.
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    Essai de dictionnaire monolingue (kabyle-kabyle) des habits
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024-09) DILMI Chinsa; FRIK Lyticia
    Deg umahil-agi nneɣ yeɛnan asileɣ n usegzawal aynutlayan n yiselsa s tmaziɣt taqbaylit-taqbaylit, newwi-d anadi ɣef yiselsa ansayen d yiselsa atraren n lzzayer, uqbel ad d-nehdar ɣef waya, ilaq fell-anaɣ ad d-nwali di tazwara imawalen iqbuṛen id yellan deg umezruy n tmaziɣt uqbel talalit n yisegzawalen, ihi imawalen iqbuṛen ɣef anwi nebda leqdic-nneɣ, d win n sin imeskaren, amezwaru d Ibn Tunart i d-yesnulfan amawal n taɛrabt-tamaziɣt iwumi isemma «kitāb al-asmā» lmaɛna-s adlis n leṣnaf n yismawen, i d-yefɣen deg useggas 1145 n lqeṛn 12, yesɛan azal n 2500 wawalen, syin akkin Umdat at-tabib yesnulfa-d amawal taɛrabt-tamaziɣt isem-is «Umdat at-tabib fi ma’rifat an-nabat» wagi d yiwen umawal yeɛnan akk imɣan yesɛa azal n 243 isebtaren, deg-s llan wawalen iṛeṭṭalen n taɛrabt, akked iṛeṭṭalen i latiniyen. Deg yixef amezwaru n umahil-agi nneɣ, neɛreḍ ad nemmeslay ɣef umezruy n tseknawalt n tmaziɣt, i d-yellan deg useggas n 1844 ar ass-a. Di tazwara nehderd ɣef tallit tamezwarut uqbel ad d-kcem fṛansa ɣer lzzayer, i d-yellan seg useggas 1844-1900, deg-s tella-d tlalit n yisegzawalen asinutlayan tafransist-tamaziɣt neɣ akṛaḍutlayan tafransist-tamaziɣt-taɛrabt, deg tallit-agi llan-d ugar n yimeskar maca nekni nextaṛ sin seg-sen, amezwaru d Jean Michel De Venture de paradis, yesnulfa-d asegzawal i wumi isemma «Grammaire et dictionnaire abrégés de la langue berbère» i d-yefɣen deg useggas 1844, asegzawal-agi iruḥ d tafelwit yebḍa-n ɣef ukkuẓ (04) n tgejdiyin, tamezwarut tadfayt tella-d s tefransist, tis snat s tmaziɣt s yiskilen i latiniyen, this kṛaḍt s tmaziɣt s uskil n teɛrabt, tis ukkuẓt s teɛrabt, ammud i yessaxdem d win id yewwi sɣur ilmeẓyen n lmaṛṛuk d wid n lzzyer, lmaɛna-s yessexdem tacelḥit d teqbaylit i yessemlal akken ad d-yesuffeɣ yiwet n tentalit tamaziɣt. Wis sin d win I wumi qqaren Charles Brosselard, ixdem-d asegzawal asinutlyan français-berbère I d-yeffɣen deg useggas n 1844 isem-is «dialecte écrit et parlé par les kabailes de la division d'Alger», yettwaxdem ufaris-agi akked ugar n yimeskar seg-sen Charles Bosselard, M.E de Nully, Jaubert, Delaporte et Sidi-Ahmed ben al hadj Ali imam de Bougie, asegzawal-agi d yiwet n tfelwit i yebḍa-n ɣef kṛaḍ n tgejdiyin, tamenzut tadfayt-is s tefṛansist, tis snat s tmaziɣt s uskil n taɛrabt, taneggarut s tmaziɣt s uskil n tlatinit, ammud-ines iheddar-d ɣef wawalen i ssexdamen yimezdaɣ n kra n temnaḍin n bgayet. Tallit tis snat tella-d seg useggas 1900-1951, teɛna asuffeɣ n yisegzawalen isinutlayan, maca deg tallit-agi t-ttwassen s yisegzawalen berbère-français, français berbère, imeskar-is ugar, nekkni deg umahil-agi nneɣ newwi-d awal ɣef sin, amezwaru d G.Huyghe i yxedmen asegzawal amezwaru n tmaziɣt i wumi isemma «qabyli-rumi» id yeffeɣ-n deg useggas 1901, tidfayin n usegzawal-agi s taqbaylit s yiskilen i latiniyen, yal tadfayt ad as d-yefk amegdazal-is s tefṛansist, yella anida ad tt-naf yessefhem-d awal s wawal kan yella anida s umedya, daɣen deg-s llan wawalen iṛeṭṭalen s tefansist akked iṛeṭṭalen s taɛrabt. Wis sin d ameskar i wumi qqaren SAID Cid Kaoui, I d-yesnulfa-n aṭas n yisegzawalen français-tamahâqt, tamahâqt-français, français-tachelhit-tamazight, maca nekni neddem-d asegzawal akradutlayan i wakken ad d-nehdar fell-as, yeffeɣ-d deg useggas n 1907, yessaxdem deg-s kraḍ n tentaliyin n temnaḍt n lmeṛṛuk la tamarrokit, la Tachelhit, et la Tamazight, tidfayin yessemres s tefransisit syin akkin ad as d-yefk amegdazal-is s tchelḥit ɣer tama-s akked s tmaziɣt ɣer tama n tcelḥit, ttili-t-d ama s wawal ama s umedya. Tallit tis kraḍet tebda seg useggas 1951-2000, tagi tufrar-d ɣef tiyaḍ acekku yennulfa-d deg-s ṣṣenf nniḍen n yisegzawalen, anida imeskar ḍefren yiwet n tarrayt i wumi qqaren asismel agemmayan n yiẓuṛan, nekni nefren-d kra n yimeskar ɣef anwa ad d-nehdar seg wid ixedmen ṣṣenf-agi, amezwaru d win i wumi qqaren J.M Dallet i ixedmen sin n yisegzawalen, nextar asegzawal tafransist-taqbaylit id yefɣen deg useggas n 1985 isem-is « parler des At-Mangellat, Algérie », deg usegzawal-agi yeḍfar asismel agemmayan n wawalen, anida tidfayin llant-d s tefransist yefka-asent-id tabadut s teqbaylit maca yal yiwet isseḍfar-as ɣer yal tagarra n tbadut aẓar n wawal d uṭṭun n usebtar yeqnen ɣer usegzawal amezwaru n taqbaylit-tafransist id yesffeɣ deg useggas n 1982, i wakken ad yishil unadi ɣef uẓar d tsuqilt n wawalen. Ameskar wis sin d win i wumi qqaren Jean Delheure id yesnulfan asegzawal asinutlayan n temẓabit-tafransist isem-is « agraw n yiwalen tumzabt T-fransist » id yeffeɣ-n deg useggas n 1984, ammud-ines igmer-it-id sɣur imselɣuyen n temnaḍt n ɣerdaya, maca ameskar yegr-d tamawat d akken asegzawal-is ur d-nettaf ara deg-s yak awalen imzabiyen, tarrayt i yessemres d tin n usismel agemmayan n yiẓuran. Tallit tis ukkuẓet tebda seg useggas n 2000 ar ass-a, d tin yettwasnen s usnulfu n yisegzawalen aynutlayanen, tallit-agi imi d tamaynut drus n yimeskaren i yellan deg-s, asegzawal amezwaru yella-d sɣur umaṛṛuki ahmed hadaci id yexdem deg useggas n 2000, i wumi yefka azwel « dictionnaire de tamazight, parlé d’Ayt Meghrad », yaɛnan imesla n Ayt Yaflman, tadfayin i yessemres llan-t-d s tantala n tmaziɣt tabadut-nsent s tmaziɣt maca amegdazal-nsen s tefransist. wis sin d yiwen n umeskar azzayri isem-is kamal buɛmara id ixedmen azegzawal aynutlayan taqbaylit-taqbaylit I wumi yefka azwel « issin » id yesuffeɣ deg useggas 2010, mayella d leqdic-nneɣ yella-d ɣef « issin wis sin » wagi yeffeɣ-d deg useggas 2017, lemgirad yellan gar-asen d timerna n tfelwiyin n tseftit d tidak n usnalɣan n yimyagen akked kra n wawalen imaynuten, tarrayt n usegzawal agi i yeḍfar kamal buɛmara d tajḍit, tidfayin-is llant-d s usismel agemmayan n tergalt tamezwarut, anida ara d-naf talɣa n wawalen ur tettwaru ara di tazwara n wid yebdan s tiɣra neɣ s (ta,tu,ti). Deg yixef wis sin n umahil-nneɣ nefka-d tamuɣli deg tazwara ɣef kra n tbadutin ɣef wacu yezmar ad yebnu usegzawal s umata, nebda s tbadut n tseknawalt id newwi sɣur Jean Dubois, tabadut n taɣesmɣert akked taɣesmeẓẓit d wamek i tebna tɣessa-ines deg usegzawal sɣur Dubove, anida nessaweḍ ad nekkes acu n tarrayt i yeḍfar yal ameskar seg-sent : tadfayt d awal ɣef wacu i n-ttnadi, tira n temsislit i wakken ameɣri ad iẓar amek yettwanṭaq neɣ yettwaru wawal, taggayt n tjeṛṛumt i wakken ad nẓar d acu-t wawal-nni, d acu-tt tewsit neɣ amḍan-ines, laṣel n wawal ɣef anwa n-ttnadi, syin akkin nwala-d tadfayt n wawal anida id nessegzay tadfayt ɣef wacu nettnadi, ɣer taggara imedyaten yettili-d d tafyir id yettkemilen asefhem i txus tbadut yettawi-ten-id umeskar ama sɣur-s neɣ seg lemtul. Nefka-d daɣen tabadut i usegzawal, nruḥ srid ad d-nefk leṣnaf n yisegzawalen I nezmar ad nemmagar, nebdar-d ugar n leṣnaf seg-sen : asegzawal aynutlayan d win yesɛan yiwet n tantala, asegzawal asinutlayan neɣ akraḍutlayan d win yesɛan sin neɣ tlata n tentaliyin, asegzawal amatu, d win yesɛan awalen yessaxdam wemdan deg tutlayt n yal ass, asegzawal n tutlayt d win id yettaken taɣessa n wawal, asegzawal akusnan d win id yettaken tabadut n wawal s telqayt, asegzawal ɣef lkaɣeḍ d win i yettawi wemdan deg uqrab-is neɣ id yettawi si tamkerḍayt akked asegzawal alikṭṛunan d win i yessaxdem umdan deg ttilifun-is i wakken ad as yishil unadi anida ma yella. Nefka-d tabadut i usismel agemmayan s umata akked win i neḍfar deg usegzawal id nexdem, nufa-as-d kraḍ n leṣnaf: asismeml agemmayan n wawalen, asismel agemmayan n uẓar akked asismel agemmayan n targalt tamezwarut. Si tama n (catégorie grammaticale) nemmeslay-ed ɣef kraḍ n tewsatin, tamezwarut d amalay (asuf d asegut), tis snat ɣef unti (asuf d asegut), taneggarut n-mmeslay-ed ɣef waddad amaruz. Syin akkin nefka-d tiɣri ɣef tabadut, nefka-as-d tabadut n tbadut id newwi seg usegzawal n umeskar Dubois, nerna-d leṣnaf-is id negmar seg udlis n tmeskart umi qqaren (A.lehmann) anda id-nufa seddis (06) seg-sen yal yiwen nefka-as-d tabadut akked imedyaten. ɣer taggara nesfahm-d amdaya, daɣen nefka-as-d leṣnaf i yesɛa, nufa-d sin (02) seg-sen, amezwaru (forgé) id yesnulfu umyaru sɣur-s, wis sin (rapporté) n-ttaf-it iddem-iten-id seg lemtul neɣ tuɣac n yicennayen, neɣ inzan. Deg wayen yaɛnan ammud nefka-as-d tabadut id as-iwatan, syin akkin nehder-d amek d anda i t-id-newwi, mebla ma nettu allalen i n-ssexdem. Nexdem daɣen tafelwit, nefka-d akk deg-s isallen yerzan imselɣuyen nneɣ, tazuft ( ma yella d amalay neɣ d unti), aceḥal n yiseggasen i sɛan di laɛmer-nsen, akked anta id tamnaḍt-nsen akked d acu id lḥirfa-nsen, d tutlayt ttmeslayen, nebdar-d ula d lwaqt i yettef yal akalas n yimselɣu s dqayeq. Si tama nnidhen, nebdar-d yal tamnaḍt aniɣer nerza, seg wanida id nelqeḍ ammud-nneɣ, newwi-d awal ɣef : Tizi Wezzu, Wagenun, Timizar Leɣbar, Bni Dwala, Ayit-Maḥmud, Tizi-Hibel, Bejaya akked Sedduq, deg-s nefka-d issalen ɣef yal tamnaḍt wuɣur nerza akked ayen id asent-id yezzin, ama d Taɣiwant neɣ d taddart. Deg yixef wis kraḍ, nexdem-ed asegzawal aynutlayan n yiselsa s taqbaylit-taqbaylit, nesemres tafelwit n ugemmay n temsislit agraɣlan amaziɣ, i wakken imeɣri ad yissin amek yettaru neɣ yettwanṭaq wawal, nerra-asen tugniwin nefka-asen tibadutin d imedyaten
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    Monographie du village Aït Irane (commune d Aït Bouaddou)
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) BENSAAD Ferroudja
    Asenfaṛ-nneɣ n unadi yewwi-d ɣef yiwet n taddart n leqbayel i wumi qqaren « At Irane », i dyezgan deg tɣiwant nat Bouaddou, agezdu n Tizi Wezzu, deg ukatar n tkatut n master di tesniremt n tgemmi d yidles amaziɣ. Akatay-agi yewwi-d i wakken ad yessebgen udmawen yemgerraden n taddart « At Irane » deg yiwet n tizrawt tayenirrawit, i wakken ad nefhem ugar anerni-ines, tanmettit-is, ansayen-is d liḥala-s tadelsant ger zik d ttura. Anadi-agi yebna ɣef tarrayt iseḥan, i d-yekkan seg unadi ɣef warraten imezruyanen, akked useqsi n yimezdaɣ n taddart-agi, d tmuɣli n tsastent n wennar, aṭas n temsal yesɛan azal icudden ɣer temnaḍt-agi, am tseknakalt d uḥuddu, amezruy, taddyanit, tisemras tidelsanin akked liḥala tanmettit tadelsant. Iswiyen igejdanen n unadi-agi d aḥraz akked tiririt n wazal, ladɣa deg ayen yerzan asitteɛ d yinig, tiririt tejmilt tabaɣurt i umezruy nat Irane, s usiweḍ n tmusni-is i tsutiwin id-i teddun, iwakken ad ten-id-sbedden ɣef wazal n tgemmi-nsen d tmagit-nsen tadelsant. Amahil-nneɣ yebḍa ɣef seddis n yeḥricen, Deg uḥric amenzu, nemmeslay-ed ɣef tarrayt d wallalen i nssexdem akken ad d-ner ɣef isseqsiyen-nneɣ igejdanen i deg nesseqdec tasestant n unnar, tadiwenit, tarrayin n unadi, d wayen nniḍen.etc. Di taggara nemmeslay-d ɣef wuguren i d-yellan deg unadi-nneɣ. Aḥric wis sin n uwi-d awal ɣef tarakalt d uḥuddu n tɣiwant nat Bouaddou akked Taddart At Irane. Nbeder-d tuddar n tɣiwant sumata rnu nssebgen-d tiɣiwanin n talast, syin nemmeslay-d ɣef taddart n At Irane i deg d nudder timnaḍin n talast d wuṭun n yimezdaɣ-is s iderma, leṣnaf n wakal-is, iɣersiwen-is, imɣan-isd iɣbula n waman-is. Deg uḥric wis kraḍ nemmeslay-ed ɣef umezruy n tɣiwant nat Bouaddou d taddart at Irane uqbel tamḥersa tafransist akked lawan uɣmar afransis. Aḥric wis ukuẓ yewwid ɣef tudert taddeyanit deg At Irane d wayen i-ten icudden ɣer « Tareḥmanit ». Nbeder-d aɛessas aneggaru n tṛehmanit Cix Muḥemmed d wassaɣ-is uḍyiq akked wat Irane, akken daɣen i d-newwi awal ɣef tmeɣriwin tideyannin. Deg uḥric wis semmus newwi-d awal ɣef tmagit tadelsant d tmeɣriwin timensayin, nemmeslayed ɣef wayen yeɛnan idles deg temnaḍt-agi At Irane, amek tella ger zik d ttura, akken daɣen id nehḍeṛ ɣef tfellaḥt tatrart d tezrirt tatiknulujt, ansay imawi, tunigiwin ger rrbaḥ d uccqiṛṛew n tatrarit. Aḥric wis seddis aneggaru, newwi-d awal ɣef tanmettit tadamsant, nehḍeṛ-d sumata ɣef tuddsa tanmettit tansayant d tuddsa tamirant, nserwes garasent.
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    Tasleḍt tasugnantn wumyiten d yisekkiren i d-nemger deg temnaḍt n Dreɛ El Mizan
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2023) LOUNI Baya; BENDAOUI Meriem
    Tazrawt-nteɣ i yellan d taṣleḍt n tsugent deg wamud n wumyiten d yisekkiren i dnemger deg unnar deg temnaḍt n Draɛ El Mizan yessaweḍ-aɣ ɣer waṭas n yigemmaḍ, ixef amezwaru nessaweḍ negza akken iwata anamek d tbadut n wumyi ama ɣef leḥsab n yinagmayen ibaraniyen neɣ Izzayriyen, aya i aɣ-t-yeǧǧan nufa-d belli ayen yellan deg wumyi dayen ur yezmir ara ad yeqbel leɛqel acu kan imdanen ttamnen yis. Nessaweḍ nefka-d ula d leṣnaf n wumyi d twuri-ines deg tmetti taqbaylit. Ma yella d aserwes i nexdem gar wumyiten i d-nemger nekkenti deg unnar d wid i d-yemger Léo Frobenius, anda i d-nufa belli llan wumyiten icudden ɣer wamek i d-frurin yemdanen, llan wiyeḍ ccuden ɣer wamek i d-frurin yiɣersiwen, akken llan wid icudden ɣer wamek i d-llant tumanin…Aya yessaweḍ-aɣ nufa-d ulac aṭas n umgired gar wayen i d-nemger nekkenti d wayen i d-yemger Léo Frobenius imi bnanet i snat ɣef yiwen n unamek. Deg yixef win sin i d-yellan ɣef usekkir d leṣnaf-is, seg tbadutin akk i d-fkan yinagmayen ibaraniyen neɣ izzayriyen, nessaweḍ negza akken iwata lmeɛna lqayen i yesɛa usekkir, akken i d-nessaweḍ ɣer leṣnaf-is ɣef wamek iten-id-tefka C.L.Dujardin, nessaweḍ nufa-d belli llan yisekkiren icuden ɣer wayen yelhan, akken llad wid icudden ɣer wayen n diri, llan wid yeɛnan leɛwayed, neɣ talliyin n tudert n umdan, ma yella seg wamud i d-nḥawec nessaweḍ nufa-d belli llan yisekkiren icudden ɣer iwalalen, nessaweḍ nufa-d kra n yisekkiren icudden ɣer tdiyanit, akken i d-nufa belli llan wid icudden ɣer tegnatin n lqareh…Yal asekkir deffir-s ayen megdulen ur ilaqen ara ad yili neɣ mulac ad d-teḍru kra n twaɣit. Nessaweḍ-d ɣer yiwen n ugzul belli ar tura mazal imdanen ttamnen s yisekkiren-agi, amedya d ayyur n mayyu i ttwalin ar ass-a d ayyur n wayen n diri, ad ten-naf ur xedmen ara timeɣriwin neɣ leftil n seksu d wayen nniḍen deg-s. Deg yixef aneggaru i yellan ɣef tsugent deg wumyiten d yisekkiren i d-nemger deg unnar deg temnaḍt n Draɛ El Mizan deg tazwara nessaweḍ nesbadu-d kra n tewsatin n tsekla tamensayt am tmacahut, akken i d-nefka ula d tilmisin-is d leṣnaf, nufa-d belli aṭas n leṣnaf n tmucuha i llan am tid ibedden ɣef umakun, neɣ tid n teḍsa, neɣ tid i yellan d tamsirt…akken i d-nesbadu taḥkayt d tneqqist anda i d-nessaweḍ nufa-d belli tulmisin-agi n tesrit taqbaylit tamensayt tamacahut d wumti bnanet ɣef wayen ur yezmiren ara ad d-yeḍrun deg tilawt ma yella d taqṣiḍt, taneqqist nufa-d belli agbur-nsent dayen yezmer ad yeqbel leɛqel . Deg wayen yeɛnan tasugent nessaweḍ nufa-d belli deffir yal azamul i d-yettwabedren ama deg yisekkiren neɣ deg wumyiten yella lmeɛna lqayen amedya tagarfa d azamul n leḥzen ma yella titbirt d azamul n ccbaḥa d lbaraka, nufa-d belli aṭas n leṣnaf n yizamulen i yellan ama d iɣarsiwen neɣ allalen, taddiyanit…azamul tikwal ad t-naf yettak-d ayen yelhan akken i d-yettak ayen n diri, yesɛa sin n yinumak. Akken i nessaweḍ nekkes-d tugna iɣef yettezzi ama d umyi neɣ d asekkir. Nessaweḍ nufa-d belli tugna d uzamul n yisekkiren-agi qrib sɛant yiwen n unamek. Tazrawt-nteɣ i yellan d taṣleḍt n tsugent deg wumyi d usekkir i d-nemger deg temnaḍt n Draɛ El Mizan yessaweḍ-anteɣ ad d-nefk tiririt ɣef tmukrist i d-nefka belli umyi d usekkir mgaraden deg unamek, umyi d tiḥkayin mi i d-tebda txelqit, ma yella d asekkir amzun d leɛwayed megdulen ur ilaq ara ɣef umdan ad tent-yexdem, akken i d-nufa belli timiḍranin-agi bnanet ama deg uzamul; ama deg tugna. Nessaweḍ nufa-d belli mazal kra n temɣarin iḥarzen ama d isekkiren ama d umyiten. Nessaweḍ nufa-d belli ur yelli ara aṭas n umgired gar wayen i d-nemger nekkenti deg wennar d wumyiten n Léo Frobinieus.
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    Tazrawt n yiwudam deg wungal “Anza”
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) SADOUN Kamélia
    Axeddim-a d win i d-yuwin awal ɣef yiwudam deg wungal «Anza» n Fahim Mesɛuden, xedmeɣ ɣef yiwudam i d-yexlaq umeskar d tulmisin d temliliyin i yettak i yal yiwen deg-sen. Ɛerḍeɣ ad geɣ tasleḍt n tiẓri n «Philippe Hamon» iwakken ad d-sbeggneɣ d akken d tasleḍt mačči kan d aglam n yiwudam. Leqdic-agi-inu, yebḍa ɣef sin n yixfawen. Deg yixef amezwaru, wiɣ-d awal ɣef tsekla sumata, mmeslayeɣ-d ɣef umezruy n tsekla taqbaylit, syin akkin wiɣ-d awal ɣef umaru n wungal d wayen i yura. Ɣer taggara, xedmeɣ-d agzul I wungal-is d wayen i ɣef i d-yettmeslay. Deg yixef wis sin, giɣ-d tazrawt i yiwudam i yessexdem umaru deg wungal-is, deg-s ferqeɣ wid i yellan d igejdanen d wid yellan d inaddayen. Ufiɣ llan yiwudam iwumi yefka isem, llan wid i d-yebder kan d abdar mebla isem. Dɣa imi i d-bedreɣ isem, rriɣ-d lwelha dakken llan aṭas n leṣnaf n yismawen i yettilin neɣ i yessemras umaru daxel n wungal-is, yal isem s unamek-ines. I wakken ad rreɣ tiririt ɣef tmukrist i iɛeddan i d-yennan: D acu i d azal n yiwudam daxel n teḥkayt? Iban-d d akken iwudam ɣur-sen azal d ameqqran imi d nuni i yesselḥuyen taqsiḍt si tazwara alama d taggara, mebla yis-sen taḥkayt ur tbeddu ur tkeffu, ineḍruyen-is fell-asen ibedden, yis-sen i d-ttilin. Ɣef waya, amaru deg uḍris-is ur yezmir ara ad ten yekkes, d agejdan i yella neɣ d anadday. Ma yella d asteqsi: Amek i d-ttwassnekden yiwudam deg ungal? Walaɣ d akken amaru yessen amek ara iseggem timliliyin d twuriwin n yal awadem. Dɣa taḥkayt tetteddu, s wallen n win i d-yettalsen i yettnerni wullis: d netta i d awadem agejdan, d netta i d asaḍ. Iwudam nniḍen i d-yeqqimen daxel ayen i xedmeɣ fell-asen d ayen i aɣ-d-yeḥka umsawal-agi, yettader-iten-id kan mi ara ten-yeḥwiǧ deg yineḍruyen-is, ur sɛin ara azal meqqren deg wullis am uwadem agejdan:d nutni i d iwudam inaddayen. D ayen iyi-ǧǧan ad d-iniɣ d akken ameskar ur yessexdem ara iwudam-is deg ungal akken kan ad yaru aḍris, maca yextar-iten daɣen ilmend n txutar-nsen n umyellel di teḥkayt, dɣa awadem agejdan yuwi amur d ameqqran ɣef yiwudam inaddayen. Taḥkayt tettwaru di ṣa (7) n yixfawen, taqsiḍt n wungal teɛreḍ-d ameɣri ad yettruḥu ad yettuɣal gar tudert d lmut. Daɣen tezmer ad tettwafham d amciwar gar yir tudert d usirem. Di tazwara, asdawan yettwaṭṭef s layas ɣef wassaɣ yettwarwin gar-as d baba-s d yiɣeblan swayes yettceɣɣib yemma-s. Awadem agejdan yettemḍerkal gar lebɣi-s d tlelli n liḥala-ines n win ur nxeddem d ambur d win i iqeḍɛen layas, d temliliyin-ines n yal ass i yessewhamen yecban tiselbi. Aḍris-agi yuwi-d yiwen n usexleḍ yelhan ama d tasugna ama d ayen yessewhamen. Ayagi d ayen yesɛan azal n tidet deg unerni n tira taneglant s teqbaylit. Imi d tin nuɣ tanumi nettaf-itt tetteddu d tilawt. Zemreɣ ad d-iniɣ belli amaru Fahim Mesɛuden, yessaweḍ yefka-d tugna n tilawt i yettidiren aṭas n yilmeẓyen i yeddren di tallit ideg i nettidir. Ayagi seg ufran iwulmen n yiwudam ladɣa awadem agejdan d wayen i t-yerzan, seg wakken ur yezmir ara ad yefraq ɣef tmetti ideg i yettidir: yal yiwen d lemri n wayeḍ. Ɣer taggara,sarameɣ axeddim-agi-inu d win ara yeldin kra tezrawin timaynutin ara itekkin di tneflit n unadi usnan n tmaziɣt
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    Célébrations des fêtes religieuses , Taɛacurt et Lmulud , dans le lieu saint Akal Aberkane (Ait Douala)
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024-09) BOULAHNACHE Fouad; HENNAD Dania
    Amahil - agi nneɣ yessefray-d asfugel n tmeɣriwin n ddin Taɛacurt d Lmulud deg tqqubet n Abdellah Ouḥsen deg Akal Aberkane, At Dwala . Nesnaɛted lebni n tqqubet d laṣel n lwali - Ines , aheggi d leqdic i yettilin ussan n tmeɣriwin - agi , d wayen xedmen deg - sent mi ad tezuren , Am akken id - ttekki ufus lemɛawna n yal taggayt n tmeti ukkud yiduba idiganen , daya agi i yejjan ansayen agi ttkemilen xas akka ibeddel wakud neɣsen yemdanen, ansayen Ur bedlen ara .Tanagit n ziyar sseknent-d d akken yella ubeddel gar tsuta . Di tugnatin n ubeddel n tmeti ansayen n din d yedles ur ruḥen ara . Di taggara, tazrawt-a tessken-d d akken tifaskiwin-agi d tiswiɛin yesɛan azal amuqran i ussijhed n wassaɣen gar tmeti , d uḥraz n tmagit tadelsant d ddin , ula ma llan wuguren n tinselmaẓrit d tmusni tasertant. Leqdic-nneɣ ameẓyan , ɣas yesskan-ay-d kra n tɣawsiwin, macca yeldi-d iberdan i unadi ara d-yilin ɣer sdat ɣef usnerni n wansayen iqbayliyen
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    Tasleḍt tasentalant i sefra n Muḥya
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) IGHIT Ouassila
    Tamdyezt taqbaylit tuɣ tarrayt tamynut deg talli-a, imi d-nnulfan aṭas n wallalen d tawilat i yesselḥayen tasekla am: idlisen, tisfifin, imaṭṭafen...atg. Tamdyezt n Muḥya d tin i ikecmen deg wallalen-a. Ma ɣer tamdyezt sumata, ad tt-naf tamesbaɣurt deg yisental, ama d wid n timawit neɣ wid yettwakelsen.* Isental iɣef i d-yewwi nezmer ad ten-nwali ilmend n tuɣalin-ines, tamedyezt-is ( neɣ tin i d-yessuqqel ) terza aṭas timetti akked d sertit sumta d wayen yettidir umeddan...atg Ula d tameslayet ɣef yiman-is ur t-tezgil ara imi ugar n yisefra id-yuɣalen s waṭas d tumast d tsertit, ma d ayen yerzan asentel n tesreḍt ad t-naf mačči aṭas i ti-d-yebder. Rnu ɣer waya azal i yefka i tesnukist, i d-yellan s usugen i yesseqdec s waṭas, isseqdec deg-s tugniwin yellan ama deg wayen yerzan tid n unamek neɣ tid n tmenna akk d tid n tseddast. Ma nmuqqel ɣef wammud n yisfra id-negmer nezmer ad nini aṭas i yellan daɣen d win yesɛan azal meqqren deg tuddert n medden ula ɛad ɣer yimesfliten, ur daɣen tuḥwaǧ akken ad tettwaḥrezsef tattut. Ɣer taggara nessaram ahat newwi-d amaynut deg wayen yerzan tasekla taqbaylit yettwajerden, ɣas akken neẓra leqdic-nneɣ d amecṭuḥ lukan i nufa ad as-kemmelen yinelmaden-nniḍen ɣer sdat imi ulac aṭas i xedmen ɣef usentel-ayi
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    Tasleḍt n wungal Tibratin. Anyaten-nni n tsusmi d tudert n Mohand Akli Salḥi: Asentel d tɣessa
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) GAOUALI Nacima; GAHRAR Célia
    Di tezrawt-a, neɛreḍ ad neg tasleḍt i yiwet n tewsit tatrart, wagi d ungal s tebratin. Neɛreḍ ad neg tasleḍt i wungal n Muḥend Akli Salḥi i wumi yefka azwel Tibratin, Anyaten-nni n tsusmi...d tudert... Deg unadi i nexdem, nessaweḍ nerra-d ɣef yisteqsiyen i d-nefka deg tmukrist, deg sin yixfawen igejdanen. Deg yixef amezwaru i yerzan tasleḍt n tγessa d tsiwelt n wungal, nufa-d belli seg tama n usentel, yewwi-d sumata γef unadi γef umagdaz. D anadi, γef wayen ara yefken azal i tudert. D asentel amaynut. D asentel afelsafi, leεmer yelli deg wungal yuran s teqbaylit. I usenfali n usentel-agi, yessemres taγessa n tebratin. Ula d taγessa n tebratin-agi, d tamxaleft. Win yebγan ad yaru tibratin, mačči d netta i tent-yuran. Bu-wanyaten, iweṣṣa Bu- tedmi ixerben akken ad yaru i Ṭaw. Yerna deg tebratin-agi, mačči ḥala taḥkayt n Bu- wanyaten i yellan imi ad naf deg-s d taḥkayt n Bu-tedmi ixerben d Bu-llebsa mellulen. Aferdis niḍen amaynut, awadem i umi ttwaznent tebratin, Ṭaw, ur iban d anwa-t. Ur d-ttunefken ara yisalan fell-as. Iferdisen-agi, ttağğan-aγ-d nezmer ad nessers ungal Tibratin di tewsit n wungal s tebratin imi yebna ɣef tγessa-agi. Ma nuɣal ɣer yixef wis sin i d-yewwin ɣef tuddsa n yiwudam, yella-d deg-s wawal ɣef usemmi d uglam n yiwudam deg teḥkayt. Nufa-d belli amaru yessemres ismawen ilmend n wayen i xeddmen yiwudam neɣ ilmend n liḥala-nsen. D ismawen ur nennum ara nsel yis-sen. Ad naf tlata n yismawen igejdanen: Bu-wanyaten, Bu-tedmi ixerben, d Bu-llebsa mellulen. Ismawen-agi, ttuγalen d azamul n tmagit n yiwudam, d wayen iceγben tudert-nsen. Yiwen n yisem, yeqqen γer wayen i d-yeqqar uwadem, wagi d Bu-wanyaten. Wayeḍ, yeqqen γer wayen yelsa, wagi d Bu-llebsa mellulen. Ma d yisem wis kra, yeqqen γer tnefsit n uwadem ur nerkid ara, wagi d Bu-tedmi ixerben. Newwi-d daγen, deg yixef-agi, ɣef uglam n yiwudam ama d ayen yeɛnan tafekka, d ṭṭbiɛa. Maca xas ur yelli aṭas uglam n tfekka d ṭṭbiɛa, nufa-d ayen yugaren d aglam n tedmiwin. Yal awadem d acu n tmuɣli i yesɛa ɣer wayen i as-d- yezzin, γer tudert d wazal n tudert. Daymi deg yinaw-nsen, yegget umeslay γef tselbi, tasusmi d wanyaten. Tiselbi, tasusmi, d yisefra uγalen d ttawilat i ufan yiwudam i leslak-nsen. Nessaweḍ γer taggara ad d-nini belli iwudam nudan ɣef umagdaz. Yal yiwen deg-sen yufa- t ilmend n wamek i t-yessarem. Wa yufa-t di tudert n tneẓruft, wagi d Bu-tedmi ixerben. Wa, yufa-t di ddin, wagi d Bu-llebsa mellulen. Aneggaru, yufa-t di ccbaḥa n yisefra n yimucaγ, wagi d Bu-wanyaten. Ṣṣenf-agi n wungal s tebratin mačči am wungalen nennum ideg ara naf d ineḍruyen i ibennun tasiwelt-is. Ungal-a, d tidmi d tfelsafit i t-yebnan, deg-s kullec yemṣada, yesɛa azal, d ccbḥa
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    Essai de réalisation d’une terminologie administrative : Cas de la poste et la banque et d’autres secteurs financiers
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024-09) MOUZARINE Saloua; ABIDI Rabah
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    Talɣiwin d wazalen n wummid deg tmedyazt n Crif Ḥamani
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) BOUARIF Tinhinane; BERROUA Djamila
    Deg tezrawt-a, nefren asentel-nteɣ ad yili ɣef « Talɣiwin d wazalen n wummid deg tmedyazt n Crif Ḥamani ». Deg ukatay-agi, nessaweḍ nexdem tasleḍt i yimyagen yeftin ɣer wummid ( ummid anilaw d wummid anibaw) wid d-yeddan deg kraḍ n yiwenisen ineggura n Crif Ḥamani. Iwakken ad nessiweḍ ɣer yiswi-nteɣ, ad d-nefk tiririt ɣef tmukrist i d-nefka deg tazwara n leqdic-nteɣ anda neselḥeq deg taggara ɣer wanect-a : Di tazwara, amyag deg tmaziɣt d ul n tefyirt, yebna ɣef kraḍet n tmitar tigejdanin : timsisdit n tmeẓri i d-yemmalen tigawt ma d tilawt neɣ d tibawt, ma temmed neɣ tettkemmil, ma teḍra yiwet n tikkelt neɣ tettuɛawad. Amyag deg tmaziɣt ifetti ilmend n temẓri mačči ilmend n wakud. Ticreḍt tis snat, d amatar udmawan: i yettabaɛen asemmad imesgzi, imi yemmal-d tawsit-is (ma d amalay neɣ d unti ), neɣ amḍan-is (ma d asuf neɣ d asget), rnu ɣer way-a aẓar i yellan d aferdis agejdan imi deg-s i yettili unamek n umyag, d ayen ur tezmireḍ ara ad ttekkseḍ. Aẓar, d tirgalin iwumi nrennu tiɣra akken ad d-ibin unamek-is neɣ akken ad yishil ususru-ines. Syin akkin nebder-d abrid n usileɣ n umawal ilmend n usuddem anda i d-nufa amyag ɣur-s snat n talɣiwin: talɣa taḥerfit d talɣa tsuddimt, ideg amyag deg talɣa taḥerfit yettuɣal ɣer talɣa tasuddimt s tmerna n yizwiren n usuddem yerzan aswaɣ, attwaɣ, amyaɣ : -Aswaɣ, yettaleɣ s uzwir n “s” neɣ yiwet seg talɣiwin-is “sse”, “ssu” I umyag deg talɣa taḥerfit. Md :ečč (talɣa taḥerfit)→Sečč (amyag deg talɣa taswaɣt). -Attwaɣ, yettaleɣ s yizwirin n “ttu”, “ttwa”, “tt”, “mm”,” nn”i talɣa taḥerfit. Attwaɣ yeskanay-d belli tigawt tettrusu-d ɣef umigaw. Md : Ttu (talɣa tamezwarut ) →ttwattuɣ (talɣa tattwaɣt). - Talɣa n umyaɣ, tettaleɣ s usezwer n tergalt “m” neɣ yiwet seg talɣiwin-is “my”, “myu”. Amyaɣ d amyag i d-yeskanayen tigawt yeḍran gar sin. Md : beddel →mbeddalen. Deg uḥric n tesleḍt, nessmel imyagen deg wummid ( ummid anilaw d wummid anibaw) ilmend n talɣa, ɣef sin yiferdisen igejdanen (aẓar d usaleɣ), imi yesɛa azal meqqren deg tezrawt-nteɣ acku deg-s i d-iban leqdic nga ɣef wammud anda nessaweḍ ɣer yigemaḍ-agi: • Nufa-d 29 n yimyagen i yesɛan aẓar bu yiwet n tergalt. • Nufa-d 182 n yimyagen i yesɛan aẓar bu snat n tergalin. • Nufa-d 118 n yimyagen i yesɛan aẓar bu kraḍt n tergalin. ilmend n yigemmaḍ-agi, nufa-d d aẓar bu snat n tergalin i yeggten deg tmedyazt n Crif Ḥamani deg yiḍebsiyen-is ineggura. Deg yixef wis sin, newwi-d awal s umata ɣef wazalen n wummid deg tmedyazt n Crif Ḥamani, nufa-d belli amedyaz yesxdem akk azalen n wummid aken ma llan. Ɣer taggara, nefka-d aserwes gar talɣa tummidt akked talɣa tarummidt nufa-d belli ummid: d ayen yezrin, yekfa d ummid ilaw d izri, ma d tarummidt: d ayen ara d-iteddun , izmer ad yeḍru ur yekfi ara, d arummid . Γer tagara, ad d-nini yal leqdic ur yemmid ara akken yebɣu xedmen tizrawin fell-as. Maca asentel nextar, yefka-aɣ-d tagnit iwakken ad nissin aṭas n tmussniwin timaynutin, nessaram leqdic-agi ad yeddu ɣer sdat, anect-a ad yeǧǧ tiwwura ldint i wid ara ikemmlen anadi fell-as. Nsaram tazrawt-a, ad tili d afud meqqren i yimahilen i d-iteddun, ad kemmlen fell-as, neɣ ma tettunefk-aɣ tegnit, ad tt-nesnerni sya ɣer sdat i
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    Tasledt n tugna n wallus di tmedyazt n Zedek Mouloud i d-yeffγen si 2019 ar ass-a.
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) SABOUN Kamilia; RATNI Daouya
    S wakka id-nessaweḍ ɣer taggara n leqdic-nteɣ. Negga d tasleḍt tamesɣanibt i kra n yisefra id-nelqeḍ seg tmedyazt n ucennay Zedek Mouloud, anda i nefren yiwet n tugna n uɣanib ayen i wumi qqaren allus, imi d tugna-agi id-ibanen s telqay deg yisefra-ines, yesseqdac-itt s waṭas deg yiḍrisen-is ugar n tugniwin niḍen. Deg tezrawt-agi, newwi-d awal di tazwara ɣef tmiḍrant n tmesɣanibt i yeṭṭfen adeg wessiɛen deg tsekla taqbaylit, a ladɣa deg wayen yeɛnan tamedyazt, tuɣ-d aẓar seg tesnukyest taqburt, newwi-d awal s telqay ɣef wayen akk icudden ɣer-s ama d tabadut-is, ama d aẓar-is d wansa id-tekka. Syin akin, d awal ɣef uɣanib d tugniwin-ines yemgaraden seg unagmay ɣer wayeḍ. Syin nemmeslay-d ɣef tugna n wallus d wamek tennerna deg tmedyazt taqbaylit. Nger tamawt deg tmedyazt n ucennay Zedek Mouloud, yessemres ddeq-s n wannawen n wallus. Nekkenti nefka azal i sin n lesnaf. Amezwaru, d allus yeqqnen ɣer talɣa am wallus n wawal. Nettaf deg-s ( Amsalas n tazwara, amsalas n taggara, amsalas uddis, allus n uḥric n waffir, allus n yinaw, allus n waffir, allus n uḥric n yinaw, allus n yinaw, urerawal, allus n taseddart, tameɣrut, amsadaɣ deg talɣa, atg.) Ssenf wis sin id-nebder, d allus yeqqnen ɣer ugbur. nemmeslay-d deg-s ɣef tewsatin yesɛan assaɣ d unamek n uḍris. Akka am wallus n wawal, nesleḍ deg-s awalen id-yettuɣalen s yiknawen neɣ s yinemgalen, allus n tugniwin n uɣanib, anda id-nemmeslay ɣef wallus n yiwet n tugna, tayḍisemt, akked d tseqlebt. Syin, newwi-d awal ɣef wallus n yinzi akked umsadaɣ anamkan. Neɛṛeḍ neɣ nefern-d kra n yimedyaten id-iqublen yal ssenf. Akken id-nenna yakan, Zedek Mouloud yesseqdec udemawen yemgaraden n wallus, yefka azal i yal ssenf d yal tugna. Yal yiwet seg tugniwin-agi nekkes-as-d azal n ukkuẓ neɣ ugar n yimedyaten, maca nufa-d kra n tugniwin sɛant anager yiwen n umedya akka am tseqlebt, akked wallus n yinzi, xas ma yella ddeq-s n yinzan i yessemres deg tmedyazt-ines, maca wid id-yules nufa-d kan yiwen. Rnu daɣen nessaweḍ mi i nega tasleḍt i wallus n tugniwin n uɣanib, Zedek Mouloud yesseqdec aṭas n tugniwin, yessemres-itent akken ad yebnu aḍris icebḥen, yesɛan anamek, iwakken daɣen ad yizmir ad d-yessiweḍ izen-is akken iwata. Ma yella nuɣal ɣer lesnaf n wallus id-yufraran neɣ i yesseqdec ugar n wid niḍen, yella umsalas n tazwara. Amsalas-agi, d aɛiwed neɣ d tuɣalin n yiwen n wawal neɣ n tenfalit di tazwara n yal affir. Talɣa-agi tufrar-d s waṭas deg tmedyazt n ucennay-agi anda id-tuɣal ugar n 29 n tikkal, nebɣa kan ad d-nesmekti belli zemren ad d-uɣalen ama d imyagen, d isemawen, d imeqqimen ilelliyen, neɣ d tanfaliyin, ama n usteqsi, neɣ n tggallit, atg. Talɣa niḍen id-yuɣalen s wazal n 30 n tikkal, d urerawal anda i yettaf iman-is, amedyaz yetturar s wawalen akken i as-yehwa, yerna yessuffuɣ-d ccbaḥa d unamek lqayen i tezlatin-is. Aferdis niḍen n wallus id-yettwalsen neɣ id-ibanen ugar n 54 n tikkal deg yisefra-agi, d allus n wawal s unemgal-ines i yessemres ucennay-agi akken ad yizmir ad yessɛeddi anamek n yizen-nni i yebɣa ad t-yazen i wid ara yessmuzegten i tezlatin-is. Xas ma yella wanda i yessemres inumak d uffiren, yewɛer ɣef umseflid akken ad ten-yegzu tikkelt kan tamenzuyt mi ara yessel i tmedyazt-is. S waya deg teɣzi n umahil-agi, nessaweḍ nessukkes-d neɣ nesbbeggen-d iswi d wazal n wallus i yesseqdec umedyaz-agi, yal ssenf n wallus yettwasxedmen yella-d ilmend n yiwet n twuri neɣ n waṭas n twuriwin. Zedek Mouloud, ur yessemres ara kan akka allus deg tmedyazt-ines iwakken ad yessiɣzif neɣ ad yessihrew tiktiwin-is, maca yesɛa iswi niḍen deffir way-agi, imi d allus s wayes yezmer ad yebnu aḍris-ines (tawuri n lebni). Nebɣa kan ad d-nesmekti belli nebḍa tiwuriwin n wallus ɣef kraḍ n lesnaf. Nesɛa tiwuriwin yeqqnen ɣer talɣa anda id-nebder deg-s tawuri n lebni id-ibanen deg wannawen n wallus akken ma llan. Maca tella-d s tuget deg umsadaɣ imi d tugna i yessuddusen aḍris a ladɣa s tuɣalin n yiwet n tɣessa n tseddast n waffiren, n tseddart, n uḍris, neɣ n usefru s lekmal-is. Ula d amsadaɣ deg unamek, yesɛa tamlilt n lebni d usuddes n uḍris. Tawuri tis snat, d tawuri n umyeḍfer. Tban-d s umata deg wannawen n wallus id-yettuɣalen am umsalas n tazwara akked umsalas uddis. Ssenf niḍen i ɣer nerra lwelha-nteɣ, d tiwuriwin yeqqnen ɣer unamek (tawuri tanamkant). Tawuri-agi, ur teqqin ara kan ɣer talɣa n usefru, teɛna ula d agbur n uḍris. Tebḍa ɣef sin:  Tawuri n uwekked d usfukel i imucaɛen s waṭas ugar n twuriwin niḍen, acku ssemrasen-tt mliḥ yimedyazen iwakken ad izmiren ad reṣṣin ccfaya n win yessmeḥsisen i tezlatin-nsen. Rnu daɣen, dayen ara asen-issishilen amek ara zerɛen tikti-nsen d tmuɣli-nsen deg wallaɣ n yimsefliden. Tawuri-agi, tella-d s ṭṭaqa deg tuget n yisefra n ucennay-agi. Ɣef waya ur yewɛir ara ɣef yimeɣriyen ad tt-ɛeqlen, tban-d deg wannawen n wallus id-yettuɣalen am amsalas n tazwara.  Tawuri tasenfalayt yesɛan assaɣ akked d tudert n unaẓur s timmad-is. Yis-s id-igellem liḥala i deg yettidir di tmetti. Yis-s id-yessenfalay iḥulfan-is ama d lfeṛḥ, ama d lqerḥ, beṭṭu, atg. Am akken daɣen id-nemmeslay ɣef twuriwin icudden ɣer lǧehd d ccbaḥa n uḍris. Akka am twuri n usedyez id-yufraren ɣef twuriwin niḍen imi teslalay-d ccbaḥa d unamek i uḍris. Rnu daɣen, terra lwelha-ines neɣ tefka azal i yizen s timmad-is. Tban-d deg yiferdisen n wallus akken ma llan. Issmers-itt umedyaz akken ad yejbed ddehn n win ara as-yeslen ɣef kra n temsal iḍerrun di tmetti. Syin akin tmugger-aɣ-d twuri n tmagit i yeṭṭfen amḍiq di littaɛ deg tmedyazt n ucennay-agi. Yettmeslay-d deg-s ɣef kra icudden ɣer yidles d tutlayt taqbaylit. Yettnaɣ mgal lbaṭel d tmuḥqqranit iwakken ad d-iḥelli tamagit-is, tutlayt-is, amezruy-is d yizerfan-is s umata. Tawuri-agi, tban-d deg wannawen n wallus akken ma llan, imi yal tikkelt d acu n ssenf ara yessemres umedyaz akken ad d-yessiweḍ tabrat-is. Ɣer taggara, nessaweḍ ɣer yigemmaḍ anda id-nufa belli allus akked lesnaf-is yemgaraden ṭṭfen amkan d ameqqran di tmedyazt n Zedek Mouloud. Nessaweḍ ad negzu belli acennay-agi yezger akin i ccbaḥa taseklant, imi deffir n tugna-agi n uɣanib yella yiswi niḍen yugaren tisukla. Amedyaz, ɣur-s ddeq-s n yiswan niḍen am yizen d tikti i yebɣa ad tt-yesɛeddi wa ad tt-ireṣṣi deg wallaɣ n umseflid. Am akken i yebɣa ad yejbed lwelha n unermas ɣef kra yellan di tmetti-ines ama d lexdaɛ, faṛuq, lɣerba, lḥif, lbaṭel, atg. Nessaweḍ ad d-nini belli Zedek Mouloud yesseqdec aɣanib d usedyez s waṭas deg tmedyazt-ines, ay-agi yettwaḥsab d udem n tisukkla d usetrar ɣer umedyaz-agi. S wakka ihi nessaram, tazrawt-agi ur tettɣimi ara kan di ṭṭaref, ad tteɣren inelmaden, ad sfaydin seg-s, ad tili d allal ara ten-iɛiwnen akken ad kemmlen inadiyen yecban wagi neɣ axir-is, ad nadin s telqayt tugniwin akk yellan deg tmedyazt-agi, am akken daɣen i nessaram ad ilin sya ɣer zdat aṭas n leqdicat d yimahilen ussnanen deg wayen yerzan tasleḍt n tiɣunba deg tmedyazt taqbaylit, imi ulac aṭas n wid yuran fell-as s tmaziɣt.
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    Tasleḍt n yiwudam deg wungal Abrid n tefsut n Mohand MECHAOUR
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) MOUSSAOUI Lynda; MEZIANE Hakima
    Tazwerwt-nneɣ teqqen ɣer tsekla yuran, deg-s nga tasleḍt n yiwudam deg wungal ‘Abrid n tefsut’ i yura Mohand MECHAOUR. Neḍfer deg-s tarrayt n Philippe Hamon. Deg tesleḍt-a nessaweḍ neẓra dakken amaru yefka azal d ameqqran i yiwudam deg lebni n wullis. Amaru iwakken ad d-yejbed lwelha n umeɣri yettuɣal ɣer uglam n uwadem ama deg wayen yerzan tafekka, tameddurt, lebsa, ama deg wayen yerzan tamagit-nsen d aya i yettağğan ameɣri ad yeḥulfu s tilin n uwadem-nni. Deg uswir n yiman nessaweḍ nessuddem-d ismawen yellan deg wungal d unamek n yal isem ad d-af daɣen nefka-d aglam-nsen anda nufa amaru yessemres iwudam si yal tama (tafekka, ṭṭbiεa, tanefsit), seg tama n tekka llan kan kra i d-yettwagelmen maca ur dttwagelmen ara s telqay, nufa-d yessemres iwudam yellan : d irgazen, tilawin, ilmeẓyen, imɣaren. Deg temlilt tasentalant n yiwudam, tigawin εedlent, yal awadem yesεa tamlilt tasentalant, siwa kra imi d abder kan i ten-id-yebder deg wungal. Seg tama nniḍen d tawuri tamsagant ad n-af tuget n tigawin i yeḍran deg wungal ‘Abrid n tefsut’ d Amaziɣ akked Tefsut i tent-ixedmen, ma deg uswir n tesleḍt d wazal amyellel n yiwudam neẓra-d anwa i d awadem agejdan anwa i d awadem anadday. Γer taggara ihi nessaweḍ nerra-d ɣef yisteqsiyen id d-nefka yakan deg tezwart tamatut n tezrawt-a.
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    Tawuri d unamek n yinzan i isemres Ṣadaq Ԑmirat Deg ungal leɣrur n ṭṭmeԐ
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) BELHOCINE Djouher; BEL MOUHOUB Thiziri
    Deg leqdic-aki-nneɣ nessuli-d tazrawt ɣef yenzan i yesseqdec umeskar Sadaq Ɛmirat deg wungal i wumi i ysemma “ Ṭṭmeɛ yessexṣaṛ ṭṭbeɛ ˮ, anda i yeṣṣemres azal n merraw d krad (13) n yinzan i tullisin d-yules deg wungal-ines. Di tazwara nerra-d tiririt ɣef usestan : D acut yenzi ? Nenna-d d akken inzi d yiwet n tewsit seg tewsatin n tsekla taqbaylit tamensay, talɣa-ines d tin wezzilen, nezmer ad t-naf yusa-d deg yiwen waffir neɣ ugar, yettfakka s tmeɣrut. Syen ɣer-s nessegza-d acu id amgared yellan ger krad n yismawen-aki : Inzan, innan, lemtul, d lemɛun, imi inzan nugem-iten-id seg tsekla tamensayt n leqbayel, ttɛawaden-ten-id seg yimi ɣer umeẓẓuɣ maca ur tesɛiḍ win yeẓṛan anwi i ten-id-yennan, d ayen ixulfen innan imi d isem nsen id awal nsen d innan, neḥṣa anwi i ten-id-yennan, ma d lemtul d lemɛun d sin wawalen ijenṭaḍen id yekkan seg tutlayt taɛrabt. Am wakken id nerra tiririt ɣef wansi id ttekken yinzan-aki ? Nesbegn-d deg ahil-nneɣ tiliwa ansi id nettagem inzan d yennan, akken neḥṣa timetti taqbaylit tessen ad tsider s webrid n umeslay ayen id yufraren n tiktiwin n lɛali i lebda, andi tettarran tikwal tidyanin yeḍṛan, timucuha, tamedyazt, timseɛreq d inzan i wakken ad ṛeṣṣin ad qqimen deg cfawat, imi inzan ttmeslayen yis-sen deg tudert nsen n yal ass, ma ten-id-ttɛawaden-akken, ttaḥfaḍen-ten, ittjarrid-itrn wallaɣ. Nemmeslay-d diɣen s telqey ɣef wazal ameqran i yekseb yenzi deg tmetti taqbaylit ama deg uselmed d usaki n werrac imecṭaḥ i wakken ad ḥarcen di tmeddurt nsen, diɣen ad fazen deg leqraya nsen, imi inzan sɛan azal d ameqran deg usnerni n ussugen ɣer yimecṭaḥ imi akken neḥṣa seg usuggen i la d-ttnulfun ttawilat atraren aladɣa deg tallit-aki-nneɣ. Inzi ur yeḥbis ara ccan-ines daki-kan imi yenfeɛ ameqran d umezyan acku yettwellih wid iḍaɛen, yettweṣṣi imdanen amek ara qqazmen yal tamsalt n ddunit nsen acku yugm-d seg ttjaṛib n wid i aɣ-yezwaren, am wakken yettṛebbi tisutiwin, yesɣaray imdanen cṭaṛa dlefhama, yettak timsirin ɣef yal isental yerzan ddunit yecban : lqima n tegmat, teṛẓeg n lexdaɛ, yettṛeṣṣi tayri ama n twennaḍt neɣ n ugama neɣ n yemdanen…atg. Tin yernan ɣur-s nefka-d tulmisin i yekseb inzi seg tama n umawal ushil, afessas i yettilin deg-s imi ilaq ad yili inzi d win gzan akk lɛama n lɣaci, yewwi-d diɣen ad ifak s tmeɣrut am usefru amecṭuḥ i wakken ad yishil, ad tḥefḍ-it tmetti. Yettas-d tikwal deg yiwen waffir neɣ ugar, ɣef laḥsab n usentel id yewwi wawal deg-s, am wakken ilaq ad yesɛu anamek d twuri d yizen i ynefɛen timetti di yal tallit Awal ɣef usentel n yenzan mačči d nukkenti ad t-id-ifakken acku d timidiwin n yenzan id ǧǧan lejdud, bexlaf wid ad yettnulfun, mkul wa d acu n usentel id yewwi deg yicuḍaḍ n ubernus-is, mkul wa acu n yizen i yebɣa ad yazen d unamek i yellan deffir-s, i yebɣa ad yeṣṣiweḍ. Xas ad n-xeddem tizrawin fell-asen deg yiḍ deg wass, ur neṣṣawaḍ ara ad t-nelḥeq. Rnu ɣur-s yal tamnaḍt deg temnaḍin n leqbayel inzan sseqdacen deg ususru, mačči d wid ara t-afeḍ deg temnaḍt ara d-temmagreḍ di tayeḍ, ula deg umawal, yezmer a d-tafeḍ yiwen n yenzi yemgarad amek i t-id-qqaren seg taddart ɣer tayeḍ, seg udrum ɣer wayeḍ
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    Ifardisen n timawit deg tmedyazt n Zedek Mulud
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) RECHACHE Meriem
    Anadi-nneɣ yewwi-d ɣef teṣleḍt n “ Yifardisen n timawit deg tamedyazt n Zedek Mulud “ deg-s nefka-d ayen aɣ-yeǧǧan ad nawi ɣef usentel-a. Ad nebdu tasleḍt deg-s i nekke-d ifardisen n timawit i yesexdem ( Ama d allus, inzan, d wawalen iqburen, tamacahut). Zedek Mulud d yiwen unaẓur i d-yugmen s waṭas si tsekla tamensayt, aya-agi yettban-d deg s usexdem-ines n waṭas ifardisen n timawit : Amedyaz yessemres allus deg tezlatin-ines ay-agi mačči iwakken ad yessiɣezzif asefru-ines, maca i sexdam-it i wakken ad yefk ccbaḥa usefru-ines . Amedyaz yesxdemen inzan yellan deg timawit, llan wid yeǧǧa akken iten- qqaren di tmetti, llan widak ibeddel s wawal neɣ timarnit-ines yella anida yettaqlab inzi maci akken i yella i yettaru. Aya-agi dayen iccuden ɣer leɛwayed d wazalen n tmetti taqbaylit tamensayt. Amedyaz yesexdemen amawal-ines akken iwata, yettban-d waya deg wawalen-is iqburen yesɛan assaɣ ayen yellan d amensay . Amedyaz yesxedemen ula d tamacahut deg tezlit-ines. Tamacahut d tawsit n tesrit tsekla tamensayt, ad naf tuɣ amḍiq wessiɛen di tmurt n leqbayel, sɛan-t azal meqqren di tmetti taqbaylit , imi d tin i cudden ɣer leɛwayed d wazalen n tmetti. Deg taggara , nessebeyyen ifardisen n timawit i yessexdem zedek Mulud di tmedyaztines ; nefka-d anamek i yal inzi id nekkes nekkes- d daɣen awalen iqburen i yesemres di tezlatin-ines nefka- asen-d anamek-nsen n suffɣed akk allus yellan deg-s. Seg waya nessaweḍ ɣer taggara n tezrewt-nneɣ , Awin yufan ad yili d akemmel ɣef tezrawin-nniḍen yallan kan ɣef usental-a axatar ammuden n Zedek Mulud aṭas i tt-idjemɛen aṭas i-tt- yettwaxedmen fell-as ,Awin yufan ad illin leqdicat nniḍen fell-as .
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    La polysémie verbale Kabyle: Parler des At Mangellet
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) CHEBRI Zahra
    Tutlayt d ttawil n tayult i sseqdacen neɣ i ssexdamen yemdanen yettidiren deg yiwet n temɣiwent. Akken daɣen tutlayt mačči yiwet kan i yellan meɛna ugar, gar-asen-t ad d-naf tutlayt n tmaziɣt. Deg tmaziɣt, ugar n leqdicat d waṭas n tezrawin i d-yellan, gar-asen ad d-naf kra ɣef tesnamka, ad nebder: Polysémie et abstraction dans le lexique Amazigh (Kabyle) (TIJET M., 1997), Introduction à la lexicologie, sémantique et morphologie (LEHMAN A., 2000), Tagetnamka tumyigt di teqbaylit (Tamnaḍt n Sidi Ɛli Bunab) (TILMATIN L., 2015-2016). Tutlayt n tmaziɣt aṭas n tɣawsiwin I tt-yerzan, gar-asent ad d-naf yiwet n tseɣlint n umawal i icudden ɣer unamek n wawalen tin i wumi qqaren "tagetnamka", tagetnamka d yiwen wawal neɣ d yiwen unamek i yesɛan aṭas n yinumak yemgaraden. Leqdic-agi nneɣ, ad d-yawi awal ɣef tgetnamka tumyigt di tmaziɣt. Ihi neɛṛeḍ ad neṣleḍ kra n yimyagen i d-nefren seg umawal n J. M. DALLET Taqbaylit-Tarumit «Parler des At Mangellat». Nefren asentel-a sebba n ddur-is meqqren i yetturar deg tdamsa tasnilsant, akked usnekwu n umawal s tutlayt; nezmer ad negzu ugar ikafriwen isnilsanen d usigna adelsan i tutlayt taqbaylit, s unelmad n yinumak yemgaraden i yezmer ad yesɛu umyag. Tis snat amawal n J. M. DALLET d taɣbalut tagejdant i teqbaylit, s useqdec-is d azadur di tezrawt-nneɣ. Daɣen, s ufran n usentel-a nettnadi ad d-nefk attekki s wazal-is i uḥraz d wazal n tgemmi tasnilsant taqbaylit, s tmuɣliwin timaynutini i yinadiyen isnilsanen i d-iteddun. Ihi nefren-d 57 n yimyagen, acu kan ur nessaweḍ ara akken ad asen-nexdem tasleḍṭ i meṛṛa, nesleḍ kan 35 n yimyagen, nefka-d acḥal n yinumak yesɛa yal yiwen, nerna-d imedyaten-is, akken ad nwali amek yezmer yiwen n unamek, neɣ yiwen n umyag ad yesɛu aṭas n yinumak seg tefyirt ɣer tayeḍ neɣ seg unamek ɣer wayeḍ, daɣen d acu n wassaɣ yettilin gar-asen. d anecta iɣef nerra lwelha-nneɣ di leqdic-agi, nebɣa ad nẓar acu yezdin inumak-agi. Akken ad nessaweḍ ad nesleḍ ammud nneɣ nessuleɣ-d timukrisin-a: ma tagetmaka tumyigt tella s waṭas deg tutlayt taqbaylit? Acḥal n yinumak i yezmer ad yesɛu umyag deg tutlayt taqbaylit? Syin nefka-d turdiwin-a: tagetamka tumyigt tella s waṭas di tutlayt taqbaylit, yiwen n umyag yezmer ad yesɛu aṭas n yimumak. Tazrawt-nneɣ tebḍa ɣef kraḍ n yixfawen. Ixef amenzu, d aḥric n tessnarayt deg-s nefka-d tibadutin n kra n wagzuyen: tasnamka d yiswi-s, tisektiwin yemgaraden n wawal am: awal, amawal…, assaɣen isnamkanen ama d assaɣ n umyellel d unessig (L’hyperonymie et l’hyponymie partie-tout) ama d assaɣ n tegda d tenmegla (Agdawal, timegdiwt, tagetnamka, taynisemt), ibeddilen n unamek (Tugniwin n uɣanib: tumnayt, tameglawalt, tasinuɣt), tagetnamka d tiwsatin-is, d umgired yellan gar: polysémie, monosémie, homonymie; arnu nefka-d imedyaten iwaken ad nefhem ugar. Syen, narna-d tabadut n umyag, daɣen nessasen-d amawal-nni n DALLET d tmeddurt n umeskar. Ixef wis sin, d aḥric yarzan aseɣti n tuccḍiwin yellan deg umawal-nni, ad d-naf nesseɣta tuccḍiwin yellan kan deg wammud-nneɣ. Ixef wis kraḍ, deg-s nesleḍ imyagen-nni i yesɛan aṭas n yinumak, nefka-d anamek-nsen d wamek d-ttbinin ma d igetnamkiyen neɣ ala. Ɣer aggara n tezrawt-agi, nufa-d d akken tagetnamka tettili-d aṭas di tutlayt n teqbaylit, ssexdamen-tt s waṭas. Daɣen, yal amyag neɣ anamek ad t-naf yesɛa ugar n yinumak, mačči yiwen kan; anamek-a yettbeddil, seg tefyirt ɣer tayeḍ neɣ seg unamek ɣer wayeḍ.
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    Amyeḍres di tmedyazt n Maɛtub Lwennas
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024-09) AMROUNI Kenza; AIT BELKACEM Lisa
    Di tazwara n leqdic-nteɣ i yellan d amyeḍres deg tmedyazt n Maɛtub Lwennas nemmeslay-d ɣef tmedyazt s umata d wayen icudden ɣur-s seg-s nebder-d annawen-ines, nefka tabadut i umedyaz, d tezlit. Syin akin newwi-d awal ɣef cwit si tudert n Maɛtub Lwennas d tarrayt-ines di ccna s webdar n tesfifin i d-yessufeɣ seg imi yebda almi i yekfa, s yedlisen i yettwarun fell-as imi yettunaḥsab d azamul n tmetti d tebɣest. Deg ixef-agi nufa-d ameccwar-is ɣezzif yerna yuɣ amdiq di tmetti. Newwi-d awal s umata ɣef tmiḍrant tamaynut deg uzɣan aseklan: Amyeḍres. Nefka-d kra n tbadutin i d-yellan ilmend n kra n yinagmayen am « Genette », « Barthes », « Salhi » syin akin nemmesla-y-d ɣef uẓar n umyeḍres d taggayin-is ar taggara nebder-d assaɣen-ines. Ma deg wayen icuden ɣer tesledt nesban-d annaw i yessemres Maɛtub Lwennas deg umyeḍres i d-yellan d tabdert n yinzan. Imi di yal tikelt yessemras-it s talɣa temxallaf ɣeftinna uqbel-is akken ad iḥareb ɣef lqaleb n usefru-s, imi di yal tikelt inzi-nni yettwehhi ar kra neɣ yessemras-it akken ad d-yessban anamek n tseddart-nni i deg t-yessemres. Ɣer taggara ad d-nini amyeḍres maci d asentel i sehlen i leqdic acku yeḥwaǧ timusniwin aṭas ɣef aya i nezgel aṭas n temsal, ladɣa di tmedyazt n Maɛtub Lwennas imi d tamesbaɣurt yerna seg inaẓuren imeqqranen di ccna n teqbaylit ad d-nini amyeḍres ur yeḥbis ara kan deg tebdert di tmedyazt-is llan wasssaɣen nniḍen maca nekkni nefren tabdert imi drus maḍi n yimedyazen i yessemrasen inzan am wakken i ten-yessemres Maɛtub Lwennas yelha win ara inadin fell-asen ad yexdem ugar n wayen i nexdem nekkenti, daɣen awufan lukan tazrawt-nneɣ ur tettɣimi ara di ṭṭerf, ad tt-sqedcen yinelmaden i wakken ad kemlen inadiyen neɣ adxedmen xir n wayen i nexdem.
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    Etude lexicale des toponymes de la région Makouda
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) BENETTOUMI Kenza
    Asentel-iw wwiɣ-t-id ɣef yismawen n yidgan n yiwet n tmenaḍt gar n temnaḍin n tizi-Uzzu taɣiwant n Makuda. Deg tazwara xedmeɣ anadi-inu deg wannar, fɣeɣ ɣer wannar, andi id jemɛaɣ ammud-iw. Steqssaɣ imezdaɣ n temnaḍt-agi ɣef yismawen n tuddar d yidgan yellan dinna d yinumak -ines. Aktay-iw yebḍa d iḥricen : Aḥric amezwaru fkiɣ-d tabadut sumata, anda id nesefhem asentel -agi inu, fkiɣ-d isteqsiyen ɣef waya ara ad areɣ ɣer taggara n uktay-agi. -Anta tutlayt yemyaɣlaben deg temnaḍt-agi? -Dacu-t talɣa d yinumak n yismawen-agi? Iwakken ad nerr tiririt ilaqen ɣef isteqsiyen-agi yessefk fell-aɣ ad nefk kra n turdiwin: Tutlayin-agi deg-s kraḍ: tamaziɣt, taɛrabt, tafransist. Tulmisin n yisem n yidgan-agi n temnaḍt n Makuda nfer tamawt akken llan yismawen Iḥerfiyen wiyaḍ d uddisen. Aḥric wis sin nexdem deg-s tasleḍt talɣawant anda id meslayeɣ ɣef yisem d tmitar-is tigjdnin (Tawsit, addad, asuddim, asudes). Aḥric wis kraḍ deg-s tasleḍt tasnamkayt nekkes-d aẓar n yal awal nefka-d inumak-nsen Sɣur amawal n DALLET d yimesulɣa nesteqssa. Ɣer taggara n tesledt-agi nessaweḍ ad nini d akken llan yismawen n yidgan semman-asen ɣer Tiliwa, taɛwinin, timedwa, icarfan, idurar, imɣan…