Département d'Anglais
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Item The Sentiment of Honour in William Shakespeare’s Mediterranean Play Othello (1602): A Sociological Approach(university Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) TAHI, AmalThis dissertation studies the sentiment of honour in William Shakespeare’s Mediterranean play Othello: the Moor of Venice (1602). It aims to demonstrate the way Shakespeare regards honour as it is perceived in the Mediterranean societies. Borrowing the analytic tools from Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological theory developed in his book Masculine Domination (1998), this research paper tries to analyse two fundamental types of honour namely: male honour and female honour. My analysis has shown that though Othello was written by an Englishman, the way Shakespeare manoeuvres the sentiment of honour demonstrates that he knows much about the Mediterranean codes of honour. Through Othello’s reaction towards chastity, it appeared that it does not reflect an Anglo-Saxon attitude, but a purely Mediterranean one.Item The Notion of Space in Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own (1929) and Assia Djebar’s Nulle part dans la maison de mon père (2007)(Mouloud MAMMERI University of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) DJAMA, YaminaThis dissertation is concerned with the notion of space in two literary works A Room of One’s Own (1929) by the English modernist writer Virginia Woolf and Nulle part dans la maison de mon père (2007) by the postcolonial Algerian writer Assia Djebar. This comparative study of the two authors is done not in terms of characters and plot, but the focus is on the notion of space and how the two writers function in these spaces. The two works unite the ideas of space, both public and private. While both writers gain access to public space, they still feel confinement and exclusion from their own societies. Consequently, the mental space is exteriorized as a literary text, not only because they write their stories as women but also because the space of the written text becomes the site of women’s definition and affirmationItem Trauma, Memory and Timelessness in Elie Wiesel’s Night (1958)(university Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) Si Hadj Mohand, NacimaThis dissertation is entitled Trauma and Memory in Elie Wiesel’s Night (1958). It tackles the issue of timelessness as an outcome of both trauma and memory. It considers the way the characters in the novel endure timeless moments of trauma, failure and paralysis but also of awakening and self-revelation outside the boundaries of the chronological time. We have analyzed the theme of trauma with direct reference to Cathy Caruth’s trauma theory. We have examined the traumatic experiences witnessed by the characters in the novel. Our appropriation of the trauma theory enabled us to demonstrate how the state of experiencing trauma keeps its survivors prisoners of their past and to explain the characters’ failure to understand and forget their trauma. Finally, we have elucidated both the importance and the danger of the integration of a traumatic memory into a narrative story. In addition, our study of memory focused on the way it is used as a medium for the creative act and how Wiesel uses it as a way to link between the internal suffering of the characters and the external chaos of the Second World War era in Germany. By referring to Henri Bergson’s theories of Duration and Memory, we endeavored to demonstrate how Wiesel’s narration of the past is conducted through images, remembrance and memory. Bergson’s concept of Duration permitted us to discuss and justify the issue of timelessness. Our analysis of the novel’s moments of duration elucidated on their fundamental role in shaping and redefining the real self of the narrator.Item Knowledge as Power in Shakespeare‟s The Tempest (1610) and Francis Bacon‟s The New Atlantis (1626): A Comparative Study.(Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) DJAMA, KatiaThe present work is a comparative study which explores the issue of knowledge as power in Shakespeare‟s The Tempest (1610), and Francis Bacon‟s The New Atlantis (1626). My attempt through this work has been to find out whether knowledge and language are more dominating through magic, or spirituality, or through science instead. Throughout the present research, I have provided historical and literary overviews of the two writings in order to make them clear and to make a link between the two novels which are written in the same country and the same period of time. The intersection between the two writers reveals the influence of the Renaissance period in Britain which is characterized as the epoch of quest for knowledge and getting power through centering the attention on arts and making different explorations and experiments as well as scientific discoveries and inventions. To explore my theme and to approach the texts, I have used Norman Fairclough‟s book Language and Power (1989) in which the relationship between language and power is shown and the importance of knowledge power is clarified. My discussion shows how the characters of Shakespeare‟s The Tempest and Francis Bacon‟s The New Atlantis use magic arts and scientific explorations and experiments in order to get knowledge so that they may control the elements of nature as well as human beings. Then, the two writers analyze how knowledge can be a major source of power through the acquired language by reading books. In the end, I have deduced that knowledge is more dominating through science rather than through magic because of the different scientific improvements of mankind since the Enlightenment.Item The Reconstruction of Black History in Ayi Kwei Armah’s Two Thousand Seasons (1973) and Toni Morrison’s Beloved (1987).(university Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) Akkache., NaimaThe following dissertation argues that the prominent concern of the contemporary African writer Ayi Kwei Armah and the American Toni Morrison is the recuperation of lost, misrepresented or occluded history of their communities. At the basis of the research is the belief that a commonality of experience and interests can lead writers belonging to different cultural backgrounds and disparate geographic areas to write in a similar way and share a similar concern. Our special aim is to explain how Morrison and Armah in their respective novels Beloved (1987) and Two Thousands Seasons (1973) reconstruct the history of their communities by transgressing what is mapped out in the traditional historiography. To achieve this aim, we resort to the New historicist theory, borrowing from the theoretical ideas of the French thinker Michel Foucault in his acknowledged work The Archeology of knowledge (1969) and his theoretical assumption of Counter-History (1970). Armah’s and Morrison’s retelling of the history of their communities from that angle leads, as it is portrayed in their novels, to a history which demarcates from the official one and seeks to revise it at both form and content. Our dissertation centers mainly on the affinities that exist between the two author’s endeavors, but we have also sorted out some points of divergence concerning the authors’ use of the African oral tradition.Item Love and Tragic Fate in Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter (1850) and Henri Stendhal's le Rouge et Le Noir (1830).(university Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) LARDJANI, KahinaThis paper examines Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter (1850) and Stendhal’s Le Rouge et Le Noir (1830). To achieve this aim, we have used the IMRAD method. This work starts with an introduction that highlights our main ideas and reviews some of the literature written on the novels and the novelists. After that, we have stated our problematic and our working hypothesis. In the method section, we have explored Northrop Frye’s theory of Tragedy. The material section has provided the summary of the two novels. Then, we have pointed out the results we have reached from the study of materials. The discussion section embodied our study of the themes of love and tragic fate as represented by the main characters in the light of Frye’s theory of Tragedy. At last, we have supplied a conclusion that summarized the steps we have followed in our work, and restated the issue we have worked on.Item Race, Gender and Emancipation in George Bernard Shaw’s The Adventures of the Black Girl in her Search for God (1932) and Wystan Hugh Auden’s The Sea and the Mirror: A Commentary on Shakespeare’s The Tempest (1942)(university Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) HAMRAOUI, DjamilaThis research paper studies the intersection of race and gender in George Bernard Shaw’s The Adventures of the Black Girl in her Search for God (1932) and Wystan Hugh Auden’s The Sea and the Mirror: A Commentary on Shakespeare’s The Tempest (1942). To achieve my goal, I have relied on Chela Sandoval’s theory Methodology of the Oppressed. I have first studied the issue of race in the two authors’ texts and their emancipationist perspectives. I have exposed their advocation of the idea of the blacks’ and the colonized’s emancipation. Second, I have analyzed the issue of gender in which the two authors liberate women from patriarchy and the sexist discourse. After the provided analysis of Shaw’s and Auden’s texts in the light of Sandoval’s Methodology of the Oppressed, I have attained a conclusion that The Black Girl and The Sea and the Mirror represent all the elements that defy oppression as they are enlightened by Sandoval. The two authors counter the obstacles that limited the black race’s and women’s rights to rehabilitate their position.Item The Poetics of Space in Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby (1925) and Ayi Kwei Armah’s The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born (1968)(university Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) AMROUNI, DihiaThis research work compares two representative examples of modern African and American Literatures which are Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby (1925) and Ayi Kwei Armah’s The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born (1968). My major interest is to analyze and compare the way the two authors represent space in their novels. One of the main arguments is that the two novels constitute a site for the interplay of space and place. I take my theoretical bearings in this comparative study from Leonard Lutwack’s The Role of Place in Literature. In the first chapter of my analysis, I contend that The Great Gatsby and The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born preoccupied with space in relation to the theme of fragmentation and disillusionment. In the second chapter, I develop further the analysis to illustrate how the poetics of space in the two novels participates in their main plot. I have tried to demonstrate that space in the two novels is poetic since it is used on purpose and structured in a manner that could follow the plot of the novel.Item Power Lust, Violence and Depression in Orwell’s 1984 (1949) and Kourouma’s Les Soleils des indépendances (1968)(Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) BOUKELAL, FouziaBased on George Orwell’s 1984 and Kourouma’s Les Soleils des indépendances, this research paper intends to study some central themes which the two novels share. This dissertation is concerned with the study of the idea of the totalitarian leading elite’s lust for power and their use of violence. We have examined the position of the two authors towards issues through referring to the socio-political influences in writing the plot of two novels. This justifies our appeal to the "New Historicist" theory in dealing with our corpus; this has allowed us to study those two literary works in relation to history. In this analysis, we have tried to demonstrate that in spite of the fact that both writers come from different areas and lived in different periods, they share the same concerns and reflect the same issue that characterized their time. Both of them have portrayed the rise of totalitarian governments which resort to several strategies to reach absolute power and keep the population masses under control. They have depicted the violent nature of totalitarian regimes which perpetrate terroristic acts to sustain their power and to reprimand any attempt of resistance. The two authors have also described the depressive situation of citizens living under such authoritarian regimes. This research paper has been divided into three chapters. The first one comprises the times and life of the two authors. It also includes the summary of the two novels. The second chapter, entitled Hegemonic Despotism, is divided into two sections: the first section is devoted to study the theme of totalitarian governments’ rise in which the single party plays a decisive role in reaching its ultimate goals. The second section analyzes the techniques of manipulation and control the totalitarian government uses to sustain its power. The last chapter puts emphasis on two other central themes. The first portrays the totalitarian government’s recourse to violence to subjugate the masses and to express power. The focus of the second theme lies in depicting the state of despair that overcomes the citizens who live under totalitarian regimes.Item Analysis of Reference Cohesion Errors in Students’ Compositions: A Case of the Department of English at Mouloud Mammeri University(Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) Belgacem, LeilaThis study is an attempt to analyze the reference cohesion errors students made in their writings. It seeks to identify the errors, classify them and then identify the causes of these errors. To achieve the aim of this study, it is based on analyzing one hundred argumentative essays written by third year LMD students of the department of English at Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi Ouzou, during the academic year 2013/2014.In doing so reference is made to Halliday and Hasan’s (1976) classification of cohesive devices with a particular reference to error analysis approach. The results of the study showed that 185 reference errors were made in the writing pieces, which are divided into four categories, namely, misuse of reference cohesive devises, omission of reference cohesive devices, superfluous use of reference cohesive devices and overuse of reference cohesive devices. The results showed that third year English students at the university of Tizi Ouzou commit reference cohesive errors, which are due to an intralingual factor.Item Collectivism Vs Individualism in the American Farmers Protest During the Thirties. In John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath (1939) and Of Mice and Men (1937).(Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) Drouiche, SabrinaOur aim through this memoire is to study the two philosophies of Collectivism and individualism in the light of John Steinbeck’s novels The Grapes of Wrath (1939) and Of Mice and Men (1937) in order to shed light on the conflict between the two opposing philosophies in the period of the 1930s. In fact, due to the effects of the Great Depression (1929) and the Dust Bowl (1935) in the United States of America, American farmers faced difficult moments. To overcome their plight, they found no solution (means) than acting and protesting collectively believing that collectivism was the only way to stop the abuses of government and the greediness of businessmen at that time. Within the collective bodies, they formed each one of them looked for his/her self-interests in the actions they organized. This proves that despite their collectivity, the spirit of individualism they lived for so many years was still engraved in their minds. The clash between the two philosophies of collectivism and individualism is well illustrated in John Steinbeck’s novels The Grapes of Wrath (1939) and Of Mice and Men (1937) which reflect well the misfortune and despair of the American farmers who tried by all the means necessary; including the creation of organizations so that to establish unions and agreements to put an end to economic and social problems, such as unemployment, homelessness and famine. So, this memoire identifies how characters in both The Grapes of Wrath and Of Mice and Men acted collectively but at the same time looked for their self-interests. To reach our purpose, we rely on Jean Jacques Rousseau’s theory of collectivism mentioned and discussed in The Social Contract (1762) and Alexis DeTocqueville’s theory of individualism mentioned and discussed in Democracy in America (1835).Item Memory, Social Oppression and Psychological Disorder in Anton Chekhov’s The Cherry Orchard (1904) and Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman (1949)(university Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) Selmani, SouhilaBorrowing concepts from Henri Bergson’s theory Matter and Memory (1896) and Freire Paulo’s theory of Pedagogy of the Oppressed (1981) this paper examines and discusses Anton Chekhov and Arthur Miller’s depiction of “past reemergence” and “Social oppression” in their well-known works The Cherry Orchard (1904) and Death of a Salesman (1949). Indeed, past is deeply expressed through stream of consciousness that comes back from time to time to disturb and punish the characters. Both Anton Chekhov and Arthur Miller illustrate the past reemergence and self punishment through depicting the enigma and complexity of their characters’ thoughts and inner feelings in addition, to social oppression which threatened their previous serenity this what may illustrate the deterioration of characters psychological states. By referring to some themes like: fanatic struggle and failure, betrayal and destruction, which led the characters either to compromise or commit suicide as final solution to rest in peace.Item The Image of Women in American and Algerian Fictions: A Case Study of Francis Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby (1925) and Amin Zaoui’s La chambre de la vierge impure (2009)(university Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) Ait Tahar, LilaThis Dissertation is a case study which compares the image of women in American and Algerian fictions through the works of Francis Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby (1925), and Amin Zaoui’s La chambre de la vierge impure (2009). The purpose of this dissertation is to show how close backgrounds may produce similar literary productions. This was achieved by applying Fredric Jameson’s theory The Political Unconscious: Narrative as a Socially Symbolic Act (1981). In fact, the interest of this theory lies in the fact that it helped us show how the two ideological battlegrounds that the American society of the 1920s and the Algerian society of the 1990s were rendered through fiction by the two authors. In the first chapter we have put emphasis on the analysis of the major female characters of each novel; in order to sort out the prevalent ideologies in presence during the time the two novels were composed. Our work has shown that though the two novels may seem different, they share the same representation of women; both authors portrayed ambiguously women’s physical appearance, inner thoughts, desires, and their situation in society. Then in the second chapter, we have studied the two novels as socially symbolic acts, and reached the conclusion that close backgrounds may produce similar literary productions.Item The Individual and Society in Ayi Kwei Armah’s The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born (1968) and Albert Camus’s The Stranger (1942)(university Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) SI TAIEB, NassimaThis dissertation is concerned with the comparison of two novels written by two different writers and set in two different areas and eras, yet reflecting on the theme of individual and society. These novels are: The Beauytufl Ones Are Not Yet Born by Ayi Kwei Armah and The Stranger by Albert Camus. The purpose of my study is to show that the main character in Armah’s novel shares some features in his behaviour with Meursault in Camus’s The Stranger. These similarities are the result of the two authors’ recourse to the absurd to focus on the difficult relationship that links the individual to his society. My aim is also to show that Armah’s novel can be read in the context of the Akan traditional thought. This is shown through the conformity of the protagonist’s behaviour to this culture in which a great importance is given to the moral values of the individual. The following dissertation has been divided into three chapters. The first is composed of method and materials sections. The materials section comprises the biographies of the two authors, whereas the method section is a dense explanation of the two theories that I have applied to my corpus: the philosophy of the absurd and the Akan traditional philosophy. The second chapter focuses on the study of the similarities between Armah’s The Beauytufl Ones Are Not Yet Born and Albert Camus’s The Stranger, by applying Camus’s book The Myth of Sisyphus. The third and last chapter emphasizes the study of Armah’s novel in relationship to the Akan traditional cosmogony. The results of my study are the affirmation of Armah’s influence by Camus which is shown through the similarities between Armah’s and Camus’s works. I have also come to the conclusion that Armah is attached to his own culture which is obvious through his reference to the cleansing ritual and the conformity of the man’s behaviour to the Akan traditional cosmogony.Item Archetypal Activation and The Transcendent Function in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter and Richard Wright’s Native Son(Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) Yesguer, DjedjigaThis dissertation discusses the psychological instability caused by Gender and Race in selected works of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s the Scarlet Letter and Richard Wright’s Native Son. The aim is to examine the psychological situation of both the white women and the blacks in America in the light of Carl Gustav Jung’s conception of the archetypes, the collective unconscious and the transcendent function. It has also been referred to bell hooks’ theory of ‘Racism and Feminism’ that explains the cultural practice of gender and race that denigrate the position of both the white women and the blacks. To fulfill this study, I have divided it into two sections. The first one emphasizes the issue of gender and racism in America in the 19th and 20th centuries. It attempts to highlight the context of the American culture which is mainly built on the perception of the ‘other’. The second section will explore the impact of gender and racism on the white women and on the blacks’ psyche by examining the archetypal figures which flow out from the collective unconscious of the Americans. Finally, the study provides solution to the psychic instability through the transcendent function’s mechanism that has provoked individuation in some situations.Item Textbook Evaluation : Cultural Ponderation in New Prospects(Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) FELLAH, LyndaThe inseparability of language and culture and the increasing role of English as a global language become the focal reasons of investigation in the field of foreign and second language instruction. The present study is an attempt to explore the cultural content of an in-use and the recently published English language secondary school book entitled New Prospects. It aims to examine and identify the different aspects and types of culture which are packaged in the prescribed course book. It also deals with determining whether the representation of a variety of cultures in the textbook reflect the status of English as an international medium of communication. The content of the teaching material is analyzed and evaluated based on the theoretical framework advocated by Byram et al (1993). The frequencies and occurrences of cultural elements which are sorted out from Byram ‘s checklist are in turn classified and categorized according to Martin Cortazzi and Lixian Jin’s theoretical framework ( 1999) which refer to three types of cultures: source culture , target culture , and the world culture. The findings make it clear that the course book addresses various cultural aspects about big ‘C’ culture and small ‘c’ culture which also correspond to different cultures; the native culture, the target culture and the world culture (C1, C2, C3… etc.). In other words, the obtained data revealed that there is a balance in the portrayal of the national, target and international cultures in the school book. Consequently, this is potentially beneficial in the sense that it permits language learners to develop necessary skills for communicating adequately in different situations.Item Childhood and Initiation in Camara Laye’s The African Child (1954) and Francis Selormey’s The Narrow Path (1966).(university Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) BELGHIT, Leila.Our research paper deals with the issues of childhood and initiation in Camara Laye’s The African Child (1954) and Francis Selormey’s The Narrow Path (1966). It intends to compare the visions of two African writers, the Guinean Camara Laye and the Ghanaian Francis Selormey, who write about such important issues in two different Western languages, French and English, and in two different periods of African history, colonial and post-colonial times. The purpose of this dissertation is to study the African child’s growth and how the African narratives of childhood use the image of the child as a symbol of growth and of the individual’s passage from childhood to adulthood in parallel with his county’s passage from colonization to independence. We focus similarly on the change in the experience of childhood between the early African narratives of childhood and the recent ones. Besides, we will deal with the new African child’s identity through discussing the clash of cultures and childhood trauma that resulted from colonialism. Stress will be put on the idea of life as a passage and the different ceremonies and celebrations that accompany that passage from one stage to another. To attain our objective, we need to compare the two narratives of childhood The African Child and The Narrow Path in the light of Arnold Van Gennep’s theory The Rites of Passage (1960) and to rely also on Stefan Helgesson’s Exit: Endings and New Beginnings in Literature and Life (2011). In order to prove this issue, it is necessary to apply the cited theories on the two novels and to study the processes of initiation presented by the authors: the traditional rites of passage and modern education, in addition to the comparison of the identities of the two child protagonists in relation to a range of influential factors mainly the clash of cultures and childhood trauma and in relation to important figures such as the father and the mother. It is deduced that the problem of identity is a recurrent issue in these narratives of childhood that record the African quest for identity in post-colonial times. However, there exist several differences between the two fictions and varied attitudes towards the issue that are determined and stressed by the divergence in their periods of publication.Item The Carnivalesque in Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man (1952) and Camara Laye’s The Radiance of the King (1954)(2014) TOUBAL, ZinaThis research work is concerned with the comparison of two outstanding writers from two different countries but almost of the same period of time: Ralph Ellison (1914- 1994) an African- American writer and Camara Laye (1928-1980), a black author from Guinea. This dissertation has demonstrated that both Ellison and Laye wrote their novels from a carnivalesque perspective. To explore the carnivalesque forms and themes, we have borrowed Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of the cornivalesque developed in his book Rabelais and his world published in 1965. Two chapters are devoted to this issue; the first one deals with the analysis of the carnivalesque forms and themes in Ellison’s Invisible Man and Laye’s The Radiance of the King. It explores the grotesque imagery, the language of the marketplace and the comic aspects of the characters’ behavior in the novels. It also studies the theme of invisibility and the picaresque journey that requires the carnivalesque forms to depict the experience and the adventures of the alienated protagonists. The second chapter considers the role of the carnivalesque in relation to some ideologies and some previous written texts with which the authors enter in polemics by focusing on parody to show oppositional views. The present dissertation is grounded on the assumption that common experiences and contexts can lead authors belonging to distinct geographical areas to write in a similar way and discuss the same themes. The major goal of this comparative study is to investigate Ellison’s Invisible Man (1952) and Laye’s The Radiance of the King (1956) by foregrounding their resemblances. It has demonstrated that Ellison and Laye were inspired mainly by the philosophies of Negritude and the Negro Renaissance which celebrate blackness and the uniqueness of the Blacks’ experience.Item Feminism and the Quest for Selfhood in Virginia Woolf’s Fiction and Nonfiction: A Case Study of Mrs. Dalloway (1925), To the Lighthouse (1927) and A Room of One’s Own (1929)(university Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) SLIMANI, SadiaThe following dissertation studies feminism and the quest for selfhood in Virginia Woolf’s fiction and nonfiction: Mrs. Dalloway (1925), To the Lighthouse (1927) and A Room of One’s Own (1929). It demonstrates how resistance to tyranny in a male-dominated society can lead Woolf’s female characters to the quest for affirming their identity through their disruption of the patriarchal traditional discourse. This research relies on Josephine Donavan’s Feminist Theory: The Intellectual Traditions of American Feminism (1992) in which she studies the concept of class-consciousness that raises against the ideology of the ruling class. In other words, it is through Woolf’s female character’ confessions that we understand Marx’s concepts of “governing ideology” in The German Ideology. The outline of this study comprises a discussion of four important sections that include: Woolf’s cultural context and origins, patriarchy and the quest for the self in Mrs. Dalloway (1925), otherness and cultural marginality in To the Lighthouse (1927), and feminism and selfhood in A Room of One’s Own (1929). The final conclusion that can be drawn from this study shows Woolf’s feminist commitment in both fiction and nonfiction. Her aim is the construction of the feminine identity through a self-destruction of the masculine dominion and patriarchy and the rehumanization of the British woman. This assumption has been demonstrated and consolidated in the thematic analysis of Woolf’s sociological essay A Room of One’s Own which demonstrates her feminist stance. I close my dissertation with a suggestion that both Woolf’s fiction and nonfiction can be read as a feminist approach to women liberation.Item Ideology and Utopia in Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (1932) and George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949)(university Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi-Ouzou, 2014) TAIBI, DehbiaThis dissertation attempts to study the issue of ideology and utopia in two representative examples of modern English Literature which are Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (1932) and George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949). Our major interest is to analyze and compare the ideological and utopian elements in the two novels. Our aim through this study is to identify which function each novel was meant to perform, whether ideological or utopian. We take our theoretical bearings from Karl Mannheim’s Ideology and Utopia (1936). For Mannheim, ideology reflects the concrete historical environment of a particular dominant group that tries to perpetuate the social order, while utopia is an outlook, held by subjugated groups in the same society, of a transformed and idealized future. This competing relationship has resulted in dystopia. Thus, the two dystopias, Brave New World and Nineteen Eighty- Four are meant to perform a double function for they hold an ideological as well as a utopian outlook. Both, Huxley and Orwell are warning against many political practices they recognize as threats to the British society. In this sense, they are trying to prevent change; meanwhile they are directing people’s attention to the kind of society they should strive for and thus, transform it.