Département d'Anglais

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A Comparative Psychoanalytical Reading of the Main Characters in Eugene O’Neill’s Long Day’s Journey into Night and William Faulkner’s Go Down Moses
(Mouloud Mammeri University, 2023) Ait Mokhtar Nacera
This dissertation examines the intricate relationship between literature and the human psyche, focusing on themes of trauma, the past, and the archetypal manifestations of the collective unconscious as explored by two prominent American authors, Eugene O'Neill and William Faulkner. Through a detailed analysis of O'Neill's play "Long Day's Journey into Night" and Faulkner's short stories "Go Down, Moses" and "The Fire and the Hearth," this study delves into the psychological underpinnings of these seminal works. Utilizing the psychoanalytic theories of Sigmund Freud and Carl Gustav Jung, the research investigates the characters' psychological disturbances rooted in their pasts and the broader implications of the collective unconscious. O'Neill's personal struggles, including his tumultuous family dynamics and battles with alcoholism and depression, profoundly inform his writing, particularly in "Long Day's Journey into Night," which is often regarded as his most autobiographical work. By comparing the psychological landscapes of O'Neill and Faulkner, this dissertation aims to illuminate the complexities of familial relationships and the enduring impact of trauma in American literature.
A Comparative Study of Elizabeth Gaskell’s North and South (1855) and Edith Wharton’s The House of Mirth (1905): A New Historicist Reading
(Université Mouloud Mammeri, 2023) SADOUDI Celia; TIGHALTINE Karima
The present dissertation is a comparative thematic study of Elizabeth Gaskell’s North and South (1855) and Edith Wharton’s The House of Mirth (1905). As a supporting theory, our research paper relies on Stephen Greenblatt’s approach of New Historicism because a literary work is not separated from its historical context. The aim of this work is to show that despite the historical and historical differences that exist between the two selected novels, they share many themes in common among which we cite “class division” and “women’s status”. Following IMRAD method, my dissertation has started with a presentation of the two authors Elizabeth Gaskell and Edith Wharton and their novels North and South and The House of Mirth. In Method and Materials, we have explained the reason of our choice of New Historicism approach. In our analysis of this topic, our discussion is divided into two chapters. The first chapter focuses on the notion of ‘Class division’ in North and South where the Victorian society was divided into two main classes the ‘middle’ and the ‘working’ classes. Also, in the second section of the chapter we have highlighted the issue of ‘Women’s Question’ as a prominent theme in the novel. In its turn, the second chapter deals with the same themes in The House of Mirth including the issue of ‘Social Class’ that divided the American society into the ‘upper’ and the ‘working’ classes, and we have also tended to depict the American “ideal woman” and how she struggled to break the traditional values of the patriarchal society
A Comparative Study of Mother-Daughter Relationships: Challenges and Resolution through a Care Ethics Perspective in Elizabeth Strout‘s Amy and Isabelle (1998) and Sue Monk Kidd’s The Secret Life of Bees (2001)
(Mouloud Mammeri University, 2023) Hassani Fatima; Seddiki Djedjiga
This research is a comparative study of Elizabeth Strout’s Amy and Isabelle (1998) and Sue Monk Kidd’s The Secret Life of Bees (2001). The aim of this work is to explore mother-daughter relationships in both narratives, focusing on the challenges and resolutions within these dynamics. The theoretical framework is grounded in Carol Gilligan’s and Nel Noddings’ Care Ethics Perspective. The findings reveal that maternal figures and their daughters face significant challenges, such as past traumas, communication breakdowns due to generational differences, and the influence of social judgments and community expectations. Additionally, the research highlights the processes of healing and transformation that occur through open communication, mutual understanding, and social solidarity. Overall, the study suggests that care ethics provides a critical framework for understanding the complexities of these relationships, illustrating how emotional labour fosters resilience and strengthens connections in mother-daughter dynamics.
A Comparative Study of Social Prejudice in Thomas Hardy’s The Return of the Native (1878) and Mouloud Feraoun's Les chemins qui montent (1975)
(Mouloud Mammeri University, 2022) Chettir Tassadit; Sahad Lilia
This dissertation explores and compares the theme of social prejudice and its implications on individuals in Thomas Hardy’s (1878) The Return of the Native and Mouloud Feraoun’s (1957) Les chemins qui montent. Our central purpose is to study the way Hardy and Feraoun represent social prejudice in their literary works. Gordon Allport’s (1954) theoretical framework The Nature of Prejudice provides the necessary knowledge for understanding the basis of social prejudice. The findings of this research paper are based on the female characters of both novels Eustacia and Dehbia. The two women struggle and fight against the social norms of their native villages to gain independence. The results also shed light on the male protagonists Clym and Amer who suffer from deception and anxiety because of their social environment. We concluded that, despite the distinct cultural origins, Hardy and Feraoun emotionally show how people can be affected by social pressure. Through Eustacia, Dehbia, Clym and Amer we understand the sorrowful situation a person can experience once being targeted.
A Comparative Study of the Representation of Princess Diana After her Death in the British ‘SkyNews’, the Australian ‘The Nine Network’ and the American ‘NBC News’ Television Channels Discourses
(Mouloud Mammeri University, 2023-10) Bentchakal Nassima; Zekri Yasmine
The present dissertation aims to conduct a comparative study of the representation of Princess Diana in the British ‘Sky News’, the Australian ‘The Nine Network’ and the American ‘NBC News’ television channels discourses. With two primary objectives, the study seeks to first, analyze and evaluate how Princess Diana's image was constructed and how her legacy was maintained in the discourses of these three selected television channels. Second, the study aims to identify the convergences and divergences between the three aforementioned TV discourses. To achieve these objectives, one television channel discourse is selected from each of the chosen television channels via their respective YouTube channels, serving as the corpus for this study. Following Fairclough Critical Discourse Analysis Approach, the analysis of the selected television channels' discourses is categorized into two main areas: vocabulary and grammar. This research takes a qualitative approach, and the results are interpreted through Qualitative Content Analysis (QCA). The analysis of the three television channels discourses on Princess Diana reveals a convergence in their portrayal of her as a beloved and influential figure with a profound and enduring legacy. Despite variations in linguistic emphasis and language usage, there is a consensus on key aspects of her life and contributions, including her humanitarian work, emotional connection with the public , and transformative impact on the monarchy and society. Finally, the study offers suggestions for further research for future researchers interested in exploring the field of media.
A Dialogue on Ideology and Utopia in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) and Boualem Sansal’s 2084 La fin du monde (2015).
(Université Mouloud Mammeri, 2021) DAHMANI Kahina
The present dissertation sets out to analyse the dialogue between George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty- Four (1949) And Boualem Sansal’s 2084 La fin du monde (2015). It investigates the portrayed dystopias and the idea of totalitarianism. To examine this point, this dissertation brings into focus the utopian evolution into dystopia. This paper also seeks to examine the influence of the authors’ backgrounds on the creation of their totalitarian worlds and the dialogue that exists between their texts To reach these aims, this paper has relied on Karl Mannheim’s Ideology and Utopia and Mikhail Bakhtin’s conception of “dialogism.” This analysis tries to demonstrate that although both writers come from different areas and lived in different periods, they share the same concerns and reflect the same issue that characterized their time. Both have portrayed the rise of harsh totalitarian governments that seem to threaten modern societies.
A Fanonian Reading of Jamal Mahjoub’s In the Hour of Signs (1996)
(Mouloud Mammeri University, 2022) Taib Kathia
This present research paper has studied Jamal Mahjoub’s In the Hour of Signs (1996) from a Fanonian perspective elaborated in his book The Wretched of the Earth (1963). It begins with a chapter on the background of the Mahdist revolution in Sudan and its reflection in the novel in order to provide context to the analyses that follow. Within the framework of Fanon’s theory of violence, our research has examined the Turco-Egyptian and British colonial regimes’ use of violence to establish and maintain their rule over Sudan. This kind of rule led to the emergence of the Mahdist revolutionary movement which aimed to liberate Sudan by confronting the colonizers’ violence with the counter-violence of the colonized. Despite the fact that the movement was decisively exterminated by the British at the Battle of Omdurman, the Mahdists’ use of force enabled them to win many previous battles, subjugate many parts of Sudan and capture Khartoum. Then, our research has examined the rejection of the colonialists’ ideologies by the Mahdists, who always favoured their own beliefs and traditional systems, and the subversion of colonialism through irony and satirization. The latter is seen, for example, in the Mahdists mockery on the ideology of colonialism itself, their ironic defeat of Hicks’ army and the satirical description of the Bash-Buzuq. Throughout our analyses, we have concluded that Mahjoub’s novel is historical; colonialism is a violent rule which must be withdrawn by greater violence; and that the colonialists and their ideologies are always rejected and mocked on by the colonized.
A Genre Analysis Study of Master Conclusions. The Case Study: Didactics of Foreign Languages Dissertations Written Between 2018 and 2020 of English Department at MMUTO
(Université Mouloud Mammeri, 2022) RAHOUI Samira; HAMADOUCHE Hanane
Genre analysis has gained so much interest among genre analysts all around the world. Thus, our study aims at investigating the generic structure of the concluding chapters of Didactics Master Dissertation written by students of MMUTO from 2018 to 2020. Furthermore, this study has three objectives. The first one is to clarify and bring to light the different moves and steps followed by Didactics Master Students of the university of Tizi-Ouzou. The second objective is to raise the student’s disciplinary awareness. The last one is to raise student’s generic awareness through explicitly teaching the different generic templates such as Bunton’s (2005) for conclusions. Therefore, to achieve these objectives, Bunton’s (2005) model of conclusions is adopted as a theoretical framework for the analysis. In order to reach the objectives, a move analysisis used to study the moves and steps used in each dissertation conclusion, and the quantitative method is used to report the results. Thus, the findings have presented quantitatively as statistics using the rule of three. The results gathered from this study have revealed that all the five moves are present in the twenty Didactics of Foreign Languages Master Dissertation Conclusions, as for the steps some are fully achieved such as ‘Purpose’, ‘Method and Findings’, and ‘Recommendations for Future Research’. Some others are rarely achieved, as ‘Research Questions and Hypotheses’, ‘Claims’, ‘Implications’. Whereas Reference to Previous Research is totally overlooked. In addition, the results have revealed that the majority of Didactics of Foreign Languages Master Students have opted for an additional step which is ‘Limitations of the Study’. The conclusion to be drawn from the different outcomes shows that Bunton’s (2005) moves are all achieved. As for the steps, it was the student’s choice to include them all or to abandon some because of their lack of disciplinary and generic awareness. The pedagogical implications of this study are primarily concerned with the need to raise student’s generic and disciplinary awareness through an explicit teaching of genre and more specifically, conclusion as a part-genre.
A semiotic Analysis of the Representation of Women in Kabyle and Western Song Lyrics
(Mouloud Mammeri University, 2024-06) Ammour Melissa; Ait Abdesselam Fazia
The present dissertation adopts a multidisciplinary approach incorporating, Media Studies, Music Studies, and Gender Studies. It offers an in-depth comparative analysis of the ways women are represented in Kabyle and English song lyrics. The objectives of this study are twofold. First, it aims to inspect and explore the presence of women’s empowerment in western and Kabyle music. Second, it intends to investigate the extent to which these representations reflect or challenge societal views in both musical contexts. To answer these research questions, a qualitative approach is adopted. Twenty songs, equally divided between English and Kabyle music, were selected within this context. The research draws upon Charles Sanders Peirce’s triadic theory of signs to lay the foundation for uncovering the underlying meanings within the lyrics involving the interplay between the sign, the object, and the interpretant, in addition to the adoption of a second theory, Max Weber’s Verstehen theory, as a means to interpret the songs. The findings reveal that female empowerment is manifested in both western and Kabyle musical contexts through communicating empowered messages to embolden girls and women to break the traditional gender roles. The study reveals that women’s representation indeed deconstructs societal expectations to an extent while perpetuating them in certain ways within the western perspective. However, the Kabyle context, for its part, concerns itself with challenging these social norms to a greater extent.
A Semiotic Analysis of YouTubeFashion Films: Dior and Chanel as a Case Study
(Mouloud Mammeri University, 2022) Aite Amel; Belkacemi Maissa
The current dissertation investigates the semiotic analysis of Dior and Chanel fashion films concerned with women. A corpus-based study includes 10 short videos from YouTube five from Dior and five from Chanel.It analyzes the process of fashion production by using Ronald Barthes’s theory Levels of Signification mentioned in his essay Rhetoric of the Image as a tool for interpreting the proper message behind short fashion films. A qualitative approach is a research method that helps to explore and deeply understand complex phenomena through non-numerical data.The findings show that Dior and Chanel are two iconic French fashion houses that specialize in women’s fashion and our analysis shows how the two brands use the concepts of Barthes: Denotation, Connotation, and Modern myth, adding two concepts used by fashion makers Storytelling and Signs and codes. Moreover, the comparison revealed that both brands had certain aesthetic similarities and slight differences. The findings indicate that women are portrayed as active, strong and independent. At the same time, they are elegant and feminine.
Abjection, Melancholia, and Revolt in Russell Banks’s The Reserve (2008).
(Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-Ouzou, 2018) Hallou, Kahina; Fettouche, Dihia
This research paper explores a psychological study of Russell Banks’s novel entitled The Reserve (2008).The study relied on Julia Kristeva’s psycho-poetical theory, and drew on some of its significant concepts such as Abjection, Melancholia, and Revolt that are mirrored through The Reserve’s characters. Focus has been laid on the analyses of the psychological state of the main characters and their bizarre and unexpected behaviors. Yet our dissertation was not restricted to a superficial study of Banks’s characters but we have also go deeper into their journeys that were undertaken to search a stable and unique identity. Analysis revolved around what makes them suffer to achieve their expected goals and on their shifting from abjection to melancholia and then to a psychological revolt. This study has reached some of the following conclusions. The first one is that all humans are searching for an identity of their own even though they come from different environments, classes, and witnessing different experiences. The second conclusion is that all the subjects in process revolt to get out from depression but Revolt differs from one subject to another.
Abjection, Melancholia, Marginality and Resistance in Jesmyn’s Ward “Salvage the Bones” (2011) and Alice Munro’s Selected Short Stories from “Dear Life Collection” (2012) and “The Dance Of the Happy shades” (1968)
(Mouloud Mammeri University, 2022) Bournane Nassima; Boucetta Tafsut
This master‟s dissertation explores on a comprehensive examination of character portrayal within Jesmyn‟s Ward “Salvage The Bones” (2011) and Alice Munro‟s selected short stories from “Dear life collection” (2012) and “The Dance Of The Happy Shades” (1968) through the theoretical frameworks of Julia Krestiva‟s concepts of “Abjection” and “Melancholia”, coupled with bell hooks theory “From Margin To Center”. The first chapter delves into Krestiva's thesis, getting into characters' complicated emotional landscapes, showing their innermost complexities, and finding underlying tensions. By applying Krestiva‟s analytic tools, this chapter illuminates the character‟s intimate relationships with their environments, examining the boundaries of self and other, and ultimately offering a profound understanding of their multifaceted identities. In the second chapter, the exploration extends to include Hooks‟ theoretical lens, shedding light on how characters navigate their positions within social peripheries. Through Hooks‟ theory, this chapter demonstrates the agency and resilience displayed by characters as they strive to transcend societal constrains and asserts their own narratives. This thesis not only provides a detailed portrayal of the characters‟ struggles, but also offers a study on issues of identity, societal norms and the capacity for agency.
The Absurd in Don DeLillo’s The Silence (2020): A Camusian Study
(Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi Ouzou, 2021) Sellah, Karima
This dissertation explores the depiction of the philosophy of the Absurd in Don DeLillo’s fictional book The Silence (2020). It essentially aims at portraying how the contemporary world is prevailed by absurdity. This study also seeks to show how the characters in this novel struggle to give meaning to their existence. The first chapter is devoted to demonstrate the contribution of different postmodern conditions in The Silence in reinforcing the presence of the Absurd in the contemporary period. This chapter makes use of Jean Baudrillard’s book The Consumer Society to examine how consumerism acts like a way out from the Absurd. It then, uses Baudrillard’s Simulacra and Simulation, in displaying how digital addictions sponsor the feeling of absurdity. This chapter hence, shows how the aforementioned alternatives to the Absurd namely, consumerism and media fail at giving meaning to life. The second chapter explores traits of the Absurd in the novel, relying vigorously on Albert Camus’ The Myth of Sisyphus in analyzing the characters, the images, and the themes that convey absurdism. This chapter also investigates Camus’ suggestions to face the Absurd and how all these solutions are employed by the characters. This study hence, seeks to prove that the more individuals are technologically advanced, the less their life makes sense. The Silence thus, reflects an absurdist portrayal of today’s world, with the failure of all alternatives to face this absurdity.
Absurdism in Paul Bowles’s Let it Come down (1952)
(Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi Ouzou, 2020-09) Akli, Warda; Amara, Ourida
This research aims to study the issue of ‘absurdism’ in Paul Bowles’s Let it Come down (1952) by making reference to Albert Camus’s theoretical concepts on the absurd and revolt, included in “The Myth of Sisyphus” (1955) and “The Rebel” (1956). The main objective of this dissertation is to expose the struggle of the modern man against his absurdist existence. First, we have dealt with the conceptions of ‘meaninglessness’ and ‘purposelessness’ as the main absurdist features that are represented within the novel. We have also discussed the concept of ‘alienation’ as an outcome of absurdism. Second, we have explored the way the protagonist of the novel embraces the absurd, focusing mainly on the notions of ‘rebellion’ and ‘freedom’. As a major result, this study reveals that absurdity still has a significant impact on the contemporary man. For this reason, both the central and the secondary characters of the narrative fail at grasping any meaning in their lives.
Achebe, Ngugi, Armah and Kipling : A comparative study of resilience
(Mouloud Mammeri University, 2023) Atal Amel; Taleb Nesrine
This present research studied the theme of resilience in all of Achebe’s Things fall apart, Ngugi’s A grain of wheat and Armah’s The beautyful ones are not yet born from both a dialogic and postcolonial approach. The aim of this dissertation is to draw thematic parallels between these postcolonial novels and Kipling’s poem entitled “If”; it seeks to unveil how Achebe, Ngugi and Armah embraced the Kiplingese poetic theme of resilience and engaged accordingly in a dialogue with it. Mainly, we have put emphasis on the personal motivations, conduct and ethical choices of the respective protagonists: Obierika, Mumbi and The Man to assess the significance of resilience in reflecting the African experience amidst the larger political and sociocultural forces. To achieve this goal, we relied on Bakhtin’s Dialogism combined with his prominent concepts of Stylization, Hidden Polemics and the Ideological nature of Characters developed in his books entitled The Dialogic imagination (1981) and Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics (1984). In addition, we supplemented our study with Aschroft’s analytical process of Appropriation and Abrogation introduced in The empire writes back: Theory and practice in postcolonial literature (2002), along with Fanon’s philosophical theories developed in his seminal work The wretched of the earth (1963). The findings of our analysis of the three novels under scrutiny showed to a certain degree a nuanced stylization of Kipling’s classical poem “If”, it revealed the extent to which the three protagonists stand as markers of this particular Kiplingese association. The writers in their attempt to amplify the voice of the African man in colonial and postcolonial eras, they adorned their narratives with polemics subtly challenging Kipling’s confinement of the ideals of resilience advocated in his canonical work.
The African as Subaltern in Joyce Cary’s Mister Johnson (1939) and Chinua Achebe’s No Longer at Ease (1960)
(Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi Ouzou, 2019) Arab, Fatma
This piece of research discusses the African as Subaltern in Joyce Cary’s Mister Johnson (1939) and Chinua Achebe’s No Longer at Ease (1960). This dissertation fells within comparative literature, It deals with the representation of native black Africans as subalterns serving the British Empire .The basic issue we try to raise is that while Joyce Cary’s representation of the black African is an Ethnocentrist and racist one, Achebe ‘s representation is an answer back or a correction of Cary’s stereotypical one. To fulfill this analysis, we rely on theoretical borrowing from the theorist Frantz Fanon’s Black Skin White Masks (1952).
African Socialism in Kwame Nkrumah’s Africa Must Unite (1963) and Mohamed Boudiaf’s Où Va L’Algerie? (1964)
(UNIVERSITE MOULOUD MAMMERI TIZI-OUZOU, 2020) REMOUCHE, Tassadit; SLIMANI, Fatiha
This piece of research studies Scientific Socialism in Africa during the twentieth century withinthe contexts of Pan-Africanism and Nationalism. The Pan-African aspect of Scientific Socialism is studied in relation to Kwame Nkrumah’s Africa Must Unite (1963) and the nationalist one is dealt with in relation to Mohamed Boudiaf’s Où Va L’Algerie? (1964). While Nkrumah adopts Scientific Socialism in the context of Pan-Africanism as a means that unite all the African countries, Boudiaf adopts it in the context of Nationalism, focusing only on his motherland ‘Algeria’. Scientific Socialism in this dissertation is studied according to its definition provided by James McCain in his article entitled “Perceptions of Socialism in Post-Socialist Ghana: An Experimental Analysis”. McCain views Scientific Socialism as a suitable doctrine that serves the African countries, since each country can adopt it according to its circumstances. For him, Scientific Socialism is the form of Socialism that responds to the African needs, because it is builton observation, experimentation and implication. In fact, leaders must take into consideration the social, economic, cultural and political conditions of their countries, and then they must implement a governmental policy which fits these conditions. In our analysis, we have shown how Scientific Socialism is adopted in Africa Must Unite and Où Va L’Algerie? by referring to the different sectors on which it is based. Our analysis has shown that both Nkrumah and Boudiaf utilize Scientific Socialism in order to bring development in each ones’ society, even though the doctrine is used by the two authors in different contexts.
Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (1932) and Ira Levin’s This Perfect Day (1970): A Critical Study of an Advanced industrial Society.
(Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi Ouzou, 2017-09) Djelid, Massinissa; Kabene, Naima
This dissertation falls within social and critical theory. It analyses technological rationality in both Aldous Huxley’s Brave New Word (1932) and Ira Levin’s This Perfect Day (1970). To fulfill our task, we relied on Herbert Marcuse’s theory of “One-Dimensional Man” as it is articulated in his work One-Dimensional Man (1964). In the first part of chapter one, we have discussed the concept of “Technological Rationality” and the way it redefines social institutions. We have proved that Technology permeates labor, religion and educational institutions and changes their basic and traditional functioning. In the second part, we have analyzed both Huxley’s and Levin’s futuristic societies in terms of Culture Industry. In fact, this latter postulates to be a mean of securing the established reality from negation by promoting false needs and amusement. In the second chapter, we have investigated the way technological rationality invalidates the elements of High Culture because this latter represents a threat to the established order. We have also discussed the role of the libido ‘Sublimation’ in the development of High Culture. Albeit we have stressed the importance of sublimation, we have noted that within both societies World State and Family sexual acts are highly appraised. As a result in both societies instinctual drives are repressed. In the second part of this chapter, we have discussed the role of language in both novels. Indeed, we have observed that language postulates for a suitable vehicle of one-dimensional discourse which promotes identification with the system by blocking the transcendental and subversive elements of language.
The Algerians’ Use of English Outside the School Walls. Case Study : Master Students of the Department of English, MMUTO
(Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi Ouzou, 2019-06) Smail, Sarah
The present study aims at investigating the presence of English in the Algerian linguistic landscape, focusing on the students’ use of English outside the school walls in Tizi-Ouzou. Its objective is threefold. It aims first at identifying what has motivated students to choose English as a foreign language to learn. Second it investigates the students’ use of English outside the school walls. Third it intends to discover the place the English language occupies in the present Algerian linguistic landscape. In order to meet the objectives of the study, Ryan and Deci’s Self- determination theory is applied. For collecting data, statistics of the number of students’ registrations from 2010 to 2019 and the number of students who obtained the Licence and Master degree from 2015 to 2018 in the department of English and French were collected. Moreover, questionnaires were distributed to 170 students and an interview was conducted with 12 teachers in the department of English. As far as data analysis is concerned, a mixed method research combining quantitative and qualitative methods has been adapted. The numerical data are analyzed through the SPSS in order to analyze the open ended questions of the questionnaires and the interviews. The qualitative data are analyzed using the qualitative content analysis. The results reached in this study reveal that the students’ motivation towards learning English is related to the social status English is acquiring in Algeria and the opportunities this language may offer. Furthermore, the results of the study demonstrate that the students use English for other purposes than education, they use it in other sectors such as media and business. Besides, the results reveal that English occupies an important place in the Algerian business sphere, thus its threat to challenge other languages is accentuated. Finally, recommendations for further research are provided
Alienation in Ayi Kwei Armah’s The beautyful ones are not yet born (1968) and Doris Lessing’s The fifth child (1988)
(Université Mouloud Mammeri, 2023) MOKRANI Hakim; MAIGA Hadeye Oumar
The present comparative study examined the theme of alienation in two literary works namely, Armah’s first novel, The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born (1968) and Doris Lessing's The Fifth Child. The analysis of the two texts is undertaken from a comparative perspective by using Pascale Casanova’s concept of Literary Affinity as it is elaborated in her book, The Republic of Letters and Harold Bloom's concept of "Alienation", which is developed in book that bears the same name, Alienation. The two concepts represent the theoretical framework on this comparison dissertation. The main objective is to examine the context in which the two novels are produced, draw parallels between the two authors’ lives and literary careers. In addition, we compare the novels’ structures, settings, and the characters' experiences of alienation. The comparative study shed light on the ways on which alienation manifests through oppressive social norms and study their impacts individuals psyche in the selected novels. Our comparison also revealed that Harold Bloom's Concept of "Alienation" is clearly displayed in the two narratives through the profound sense of dislocation, estrangement, and disillusionment experienced by the main characters in their specific sociopolitical and cultural contexts. The comparative analysis demonstrates the presence of analogies in feelings of isolation, marginalization, and loss of identity. By applying Bloom's alienation, we compared the characters' struggles, their relationships, and the societal factors that contribute to their sense of alienation. Finally, through this comparative analysis, similarities and differences in the manifestation of alienation are highlighted by examining its deep moral and emotional impacts on the selected novels’ characters in relation to their role and place in society.

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