Département de Biochimie

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https://dspace.ummto.dz/handle/ummto/24369

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Browsing Département de Biochimie by Subject "Bioplastics"

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    Biotechnologies and applications
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri, 2025) Moualek, Idir
    This comprehensive course covers the fundamental principles and diverse applications of biotechnology, with a strong emphasis on the role of microorganisms. It is structured into five main chapters: 1. Economic Importance of Microorganisms in Biotechnology**: Introduces the metabolic versatility, rapid growth, and genetic manipulability of microbes. Highlights their applications in food, pharmaceutical, chemical, energy, and environmental industries. 2. Use of Microorganisms in Food Fermentation**: Explores lactic, propionic, and alcoholic fermentations used in producing bread, cheese, yogurt, and beverages. Discusses the benefits and challenges of industrial fermentation. 3. Microbial Metabolites of Economic Importance : Covers primary and secondary metabolites, including enzymes (amylases, proteases, lipases), organic acids (citric, lactic), antibiotics, biofuels (ethanol), and bioplastics. Details their production processes and industrial uses. 4. Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology: Focuses on recombinant DNA technology, CRISPR-Cas9, and the production of recombinant proteins (e.g., insulin, vaccines). Addresses ethical and environmental concerns related to GMOs. 5. Environmental and Medical Applications: Includes bioremediation, wastewater treatment, CO₂ sequestration, and the production of hormones, vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies using biotechnological methods. Also covers embryo biotechnology and animal cell culture for industrial production. The course integrates theoretical knowledge with practical applications, emphasizing sustainability, innovation, and the ethical implications of biotechnological advances.