Browsing by Author "AIT GHERBI Aldjia"

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    Le festival du lait, les usages, et la transmission des savoirs-faire
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, 2024) AIT GHERBI Aldjia
    Tamurt n Leqbayel d tamnaḍt yettwassnen s tdamsa, imi d tamnadt i deg ara naf daqs n Luzinat ger asen UNEM, d l’ONALAIT, ulama tadamsa n tmurt n Leqbayel tcud atas ɣer tfellaḥt amakken id yenna Pierre Bourdieu, tagara y agi muca3et s trebya n lmal, imi yella deg awal « win yes3en lmal ur imal », Imallusen d yiwet gar tudrin mucaɛen s trebya n lmal ladɣa trebga n testan n tuẓga uyeki. Asafar agi u yefki d win i y kecmen di tuddart neɣ n yel as almi i d stuɣal tejmilt s tmaɣra s yismis « tamaɣra n uyefki » di taddart agi Imaloussen. Taddart-agi tettuɣal ɣer tɣiwant n Tmizar n Sidi Menṣur deg wasun n Wagnun. Awal Imallusen yekka-d seg millus imɣi i d-imeqqin deg waman, zik tella s waṭas deg temnaḍt-agi, acku uqbel ad tettwazdeɣ tella d adeg anda ttnejmaɛen waman. Taddart-agi tennulfa-d di tazwara n lqern wis 20, tawacult Iɛemrac i d tamezwarut i izedɣen dinna iwakken ad xedmen tafellaḥt deg temnaḍt-agi. Ass-agi taddart-agi ssawalen-s adrum n Iɛemrac. Imallusen d taɣzut, deg-s atas n yisekla, d yimɣan, d waman, akal-is yelha i tfellaḥt, tesɛa anezwi iqeɛden ur yeḥmi ur semmeḍ. Daya i yeǧǧan ad banen aṭas n leqdicat iccuden ɣer tfellaḥt, am tterbiya n yiɣersiwen, d tyerza, d tterbiya n tzizwa... tterbiya n yiɣersiwen d leqdic iwumi fkan azal s waṭas, llan kraḍ n tewsatin ; tterbiya n lmal, d tin n tɣeṭṭen, akked tistan. Gar tewsatin-agi ad d-naf d tterbiya n tistan i yettwaxedmen s waṭas si zman aqdim n taddart. Ayen yeǧǧan tterbiya n tistan ad yennerni d luḍa i iwulmen i tkesssawt, imdanen iḥemmlen tafellaḥt seg ul, ar ass-a n wussan mazal ṭṭfen deg wayen i asen-d-ǧǧan lejdud-nsen, d wafud i d-yefka udabu i usnerni d usegmi n wahil-agi s ttawilat iwulmen am l UNSEJ, d usenkid n n lmal. Axeddim n tterbiya n testan d leqdic iwumi arran aṭṭas azal imi ad nef tawacult akk ttem3awanen deg-s, meẓi meqqar, d argaz neɣ d tameṭṭut, yel wa d axeddim-is. Ma nuɣal d ɣer laqdic n tmeṭṭut, d tin I y xeddmen ayen id yerra wemnar ar daxel, ma di laqdic agi, ad naf acraw dtuzga. Asafer uyefki d win yes3an azal meqren di taddart-a d win tḥarrez tmeṭṭut, ad teskl, ad t-send tettawiyas id cnawi, tḥuku y s it baqluct is laɣbayen. Ayefki d win tesaxdam daɣen deg yaḥricen niden ntudart is am ucebaḥ imi yettwaḥsab d azamul n cbaḥa akken qaren d acebḥan am uyefki, ad naf daɣen di tdawsa ula d amudin ad smecḥen ayefki alma tuɣal t-id tezmart-is. tameṭṭut d tin I y taṭafen di tjaddit, d tin I y tarran aṭṭas azal I yensayen, txeddem imensawen neɣ lwa3da di ti3adat yemxalafen, di taddart Imalousen zik yel aseggas di char n magu, xedment lwa3da n uyefki, deg umkan I wumi qaren Nezla (anda bnan lakul amenzu n watmaten Ait Remdan). Xedment dina lwa3da tawint ladɣa ayen ye3nan asafar n uyefki. Syen id leqen yelmezyen n taddart tikti n tmaɣra uyefki. Zik ayefki d win yettwasxedmen deg uxxam, lwelhas seg daynin s axxam, ad ččen, ad swen w ad fken, almi d tazwara isseggasen n tes3in id yennulfa lbi3 n uyefki, mba3d imi ixeddamen n le centre uyefki yellan di Freha n l’Onalait (DBK), t3eddayen ɣef tudrin iwakken ad hedren w ad qen3en ifellaḥen I waken ad zenzen ayeki isagaren, ad setnef3en yes, kra n yelmezyen arrand I taɣri, di tazwara d nutni id tyettawin ɣer le centre, almi d asseggas n 93 yettwasbdded le centre amenzu di taddart, deg uxxam n Tahar Belhadji, syagi I yebda I beddel wudem n taddart. Lkuri ibeddel mba3d mi yella d adaynin deg itzeqqa uɣalen d lkuri deg aḥrik mb3id, kecment walalen imaynuten, teddun strisiti, akal yella I xeddem s lmal (tayuga ntyarza), yuɣal xeddment ilmal, zik zer3en irden d temzin tura d aqerṭan sargu, le trefle. Zik ayefki ur I tağew ara tikci I ad taken ; zik zaǧawen kan udi di lwaqt mi taḥwaǧen neɣ m-idla lahna. Ansayen niden ak ruḥen amid txeddem tmeṭṭut di lkuri, am lḥarz tett3eliq it-baqluct, imi t-ttaggad as qaren miḥeckulen. Dduzan uefki d wid I ybedlen, assa ad nef tuzga s tmacint, tabeqlut n trisiti. Taklilt d uguglu d wid I yebdan truḥun imi t beddel tmuɣli s ayefki, imi yella d asafar yettwasxedmen deg uxxam, seg daynin s axxam, tuɣal lwelhas ɣer lbi3, u lbi3 ines yettilid d azegzaw neɣ d arexsas(cnin). Deg segassen n 2000, tamuɣli n ifellaḥen tuɣal ɣer tjara n uyefki, ulac win ur nxeddem di taddart, neɣ deg tudrin is-dyezin, akk kesben lmal neɣ nehren I kumyan yeṣṣawaden ayefki, ugtend les centres, yella yiwen laḥqen ɣer seta, deg seggas n 2013, tluled tmaɣra n uyefki, id ijebdn lwelha n tkubaniyin ta3na temsalt ger asent DANOUN D SOUMAM. Deg 2018 tjebded daɣen lwelha n yemdebren ama d lwali ama d anaɣlaf, igwa3den ifellaḥen iwaken ad snefrun iɣblan nsen. Assa ad nef tameɣra a tebbid xilla n lfayda ama I taddart ama I temnadt I s id yezin, imi zhir d win i3umen ger tudrin s I kumyen yeṣṣawaden ayefki, xedmen, znuzun, ttaɣen