LASKRI, YasemineMANSOUR, Cylia2022-02-232022-02-232020Linguistique et didactiquehttps://dspace.ummto.dz/handle/ummto/1646530cm.; 136p.; ill. en coul.; cartes; tabl.+cdTasnisemt d aḥric n tusnawalt i yettnadin ɣef yismawen n yimdanen, neɣ n yiɣbula n waman …ar tagara. Tenna-as tala: « Xdem-iyi abrid neɣ ad ruḥeɣ » Yenna-as lbir: « Xdem-iyi amruj neɣ ad ak-ğeɣ », tamurt n leqbayel tettwasen s tliwa, s lebyur, s isafen, s iɣezṛan, s timedwin, d leεwanseṛ…, d awezɣi ad d-naf taddart ur yesεin ara xaṛsum yiwet n tala. Iɣbula n waman sεan azal meqqer di tudert s umata; ama di tudert n yimdanen, n yiɣersiwen, n yimɣan…, deg umaḍal ad d-naf azal n 70% d aman i yellan deg-s, mebla aman ulac tudert imi ula deg wawal n Ṛebbi deg leqṛan hedren-d fell-asen. Deg umahil-agi n tusna, deg tazwara neqdec ɣef tezrawt tasnalɣit d tesnamkit ɣef yiɣbula n waman deg snat n temnaḍin n leqbayel : Meqleε d Tizi ɣenif. Ayen i aɣ-yeğğan ad nefren asentel-agi d azal i sεan yiɣbula n waman deg tudert, akken i nwala daɣen, inadiyen yettwaxedmen yakan ɣef usentel-agi ur ṭṭuqten ara, drus n wid i yfernen asenel-agi. Si tama nniḍen ma nger tamuɣli-nneɣ ar teqbaylit ad-naf d akken aṭas n tɣawsiwin i tesεa zik maca tura ur d-teqqim ara limarat-nsen-tt, acku ccfawat ttṛuḥen-t daymi i ilaq fella-nneɣ ad naru, tira ur tettṛuḥu ara. Akken i nebɣa daɣen ad nẓer amek tegga talɣa n yismawen n yiɣbula i d-nejmeε d unamek nsen (ayen i sen-qqaren akken). I wakken nsaweḍ ad d-naf talɣa n yismawen-agi d unamek nsen, nefka-d kra n yisteqsiyen : Amek tegga talɣa n yismawen n yiɣbula i d-nejmeε ? D acu d anamek n yismawen n yiɣbula-agi ? Ansi i d-frurin wawalen-ag i? Awalen-agi zemren ad illin d awalen iḥerfiyen neɣ d awalen uddisen? I wakken ad nef-k tiririt ɣef isteqsiyen, nefka-d kra n turdiwin- agi : Ismawen n yiɣbula n waman n Meqleε d wid n Tizi Γenif ur sεin ara yiwen n unamek d yiwet n talɣa, kra deg-sen kkan-d seg teqbaylit kra d imerḍilen. Ismawen n yiɣbula n waman-agi, aẓar-sen yekka-d seg: isem n umadan, n uɣeṛsiw, n umkan, n imɣan, neɣ ɣef tedyant yeḍran yakan. Akken ad d nejmeε ammud, nhegga-d kra n isteqsiyen i nefka i yimsluɣen n Meqleε d wid n Tizi Γenif , neffeɣ s annar negmer-d azal n 366 n yismawen n yiɣbula n wamman. Seg temnaḍt n Meqleε i yesεan 22 n tuddar negmer-d azal n 299 ma seg temnaḍt n Tizi Γenif i yesεan 37 n tuddar negmer-d azal 67 n yismawen. Leqdic-agi yebḍa ɣef sin n yixfawen: deg yixef amezwaru, nexdem tazrawt tasnalɣawit i wawalen n yiɣbula n waman anda i d- nefka tabadut n tasnalɣa, i d-nenna d akken tasnalɣa d aḥric yesεan azal meqqren di yal tazrawt tasnisemt. Deg ixef-agi, di tazwara nmeslay-d ɣef wawal akked uzaṛ d usalaɣ n n yismawen n yiɣbula, nexdem tasleḍt i wawalen iḥerfiyen d wawalen uddisen, akken nexdem tasleḍt i ussudes d ussudem n wawal-nni, ar tagara n ixef-agi nmeslay-d ɣef wawalen imerḍilen seg tutlayin nniḍen, ama si tutlayt n taεrabt neɣ si tefṛansist. Nuffa-d d akken aḥric ameqqran n wawalen d ismawen uddisen s wazal n 87, 97% akked kra n yismawen d iḥerfiyen s wazal n 12, 01 %. Deg wayen yeεnan aẓar n wawalen : Nuffa-d d akken aẓar yezmer ad yili d bu yiwet n tergalt, amedya : Tala√𝐿, bu snat n tergalin, amedya : Targa√𝑅𝐺 , kraḍ n tergalin, amedya : Taεwint√Ɛ𝑊𝑁, bu ukkuẓ n tergalin, amedya : √𝑀𝐵𝑅𝐾 Deg wayen yeεnan asalaɣ amedya: Tala C1 a C2 a Deg wayen yeεnan timitar n yisem, isem di tmaziɣt yesεa kraḍ n tmitar: Tawsit n yisem: nufa-d d akken isem yezmer ad yili d isem amalay, amedya: Asarij, Aẓṛu, Aɣanim,Uccen…akken yezmer ad yili d isem unti amedya : Tajnant, Targa, Tamda… ayen yeεnan amḍan n yisem nuffa-d d akken yezmer ad yili d asuf , amedya : Abaraj, Abaṣan, Aḥemmam… ayen yeεnan asget, amedya : Tiliwa, Imdunen, Isuraj… Ayen yeεnan addad n yisem: yezmer ad yili isem d ilelli, amedya: Amruj, Amizab, Asyax, akken yezmer ad yili deg waddad amaruz, amedya: Teεwint, Terga,Temduct… Tamawt: Llan kra wawalen, ur yettbeddil ara waddad nsen, amedya :Lbir,Llεec-Tissirt… Tuget n wawalen d uddisen amedya: Isem+N+Isem→Lεinseṛ N Besri Isem+N+Isem+N+Isem→Iɣzeṛ N Tejna N Tessirt…ar tagara Ayen yeεnan asuddem nesεa kan asuddem anisem amedya Agergur N ufella, Iɣzeṛ N Bu Harun... asuddem umyig nefka-d imedyaten berra n wawud, amedya : ečč →Sečč ; wwet→Ttwet; ḥemel→Myeḥmal. Nuffa-d awalen imerḍilen ,kra deg-sen seg tutlayt n taεṛabt, amedya: Taxeṛṛubt, ma d wiyaḍ seg tefṛansist, amedya: Abaṣan Deg ixef wis sin, nexdem tazrawt tasnamkit n yiɣbula n waman, anda i d-nefka tabadut n tesnamka, nmeslay-d diɣen ɣef wazal n tesnamka deg tesnislit. Deg ixef-agi, nexdem tazrawt tasnamkit n wawalen n yiɣbula n waman, anda i d-nmeslay ɣef kra n tɣawsiwin: 1. Tabadut i kra n wawalen igejdanen. 2. Tasleḍt n unamek n uẓar n wawalen seg imsluɣen d imawalen 3. Abeddel asnamkan n wawalen 4. Assaɣ asnamkan i yellan ger wawalen 5. Aserwes ger unamek n wawalen n yiɣbula n waman ger wayen i d-nan imsluɣen d imawalen deg-sen: amawal n Cheriguen.F / Dallet.J. Nexdem tasleḍt i kra n wawalen igejdanen deg-sen: Aceṛuṛ, Aḥḍun, Aḥemmam, Alma, Amdun …, akken i nexdem tasleḍt i wawalen i d-nejmaε seg wamud anda i d-nefka isem n wawal-nni d tira ines tamsislayt s usexdem n ugemmay amsislay agmayan (API), nefka-d diɣen aẓar n yal awal, d wamek yettaru s tutlayt tafṛansist, nerna-as s wayen i d-yenna umseluɣ, akked s wayen nufa deg imawalen. Mi nekfa tasleḍt n wawalen, nsegza-d d acu i d abeddel asnamkan n wawalen, nsegza-d d acu i d tumnayt, tanmegla: Tala N Wadda d Tala N Ufella. Deg tagara n umahil-agi nufa-d d akken : ismawen n yiɣbula n waman cudden ɣer: yismawen n yemdanen d twacult, d yimɣan d yisekla,d waman, d talɣa d yini…,akken i d-nufa kra n wawalen tuɣalen d tasmidegt . Γas akken aṭas n yinadin i yellan ɣef wayen yeεnan tasmedga, maca iɣbula n waman ilaq ad nsnerni inadiyen fell-asen imi sεan azal meqqren di tmetti ladɣa di timetti taqbaylitfrThesis